Stable Angina

Persistent and reproducible chest discomfort usually precipitated by a physical exertion that dissipates upon cessation of such an activity. The symptoms are manifestations of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA.

Also Known As:

Angina, Stable; Angina Pectoris, Stable; Angina Pectori, Stable; Angina, Chronic Stable; Anginas, Chronic Stable; Anginas, Stable; Chronic Stable Anginas; Pectori, Stable Angina; Pectoris, Stable Angina; Stable Angina Pectori; Stable Angina Pectoris; Stable Angina, Chronic; Stable Anginas; Stable Anginas, Chronic; Chronic Stable Angina

Networked: 4473 relevant articles (475 outcomes, 1044 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary Atherosclerosis)
2.	Unstable Angina
3.	Myocardial Ischemia (Ischemic Heart Diseases)
4.	Myocardial Infarction
5.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Experts

1.	Crea, Filippo: 28 articles (11/2021 - 03/2002)
2.	Kaski, Juan Carlos: 27 articles (12/2022 - 07/2003)
3.	Nygård, Ottar: 21 articles (01/2022 - 10/2010)
4.	Serruys, Patrick W: 18 articles (10/2019 - 03/2000)
5.	Garcia-Garcia, Hector M: 17 articles (11/2021 - 05/2009)
6.	Wijns, William: 17 articles (10/2019 - 09/2006)
7.	Di Sciascio, Germano: 16 articles (07/2013 - 02/2002)
8.	Patti, Giuseppe: 16 articles (07/2013 - 02/2002)
9.	Barbato, Emanuele: 15 articles (07/2019 - 06/2008)
10.	Thadani, Udho: 14 articles (04/2019 - 07/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Stable Angina:

1.	Nifedipine (Adalat)FDA LinkGeneric 01/16/1989 - "Results from a 14-week, open-label, crossover multicenter trial completed by 91 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris demonstrate that patients treated with standard nifedipine capsules may be switched to equivalent total 24-hour doses of nifedipine GITS and achieve comparable or improved efficacy (due to improved compliance) with a more favorable side-effects profile. " 04/01/1988 - "To assess the dosing equivalency and the early and late antianginal efficacy of a gastrointestinal therapeutic system for once-daily, continuous-release nifedipine (N-GITS), 10 patients with stable angina pectoris, who were previously receiving chronic treatment with nifedipine, completed a 12-week trial comparing N-GITS with standard nifedipine. " 01/01/1978 - "The result of this study indicate that nifedipine is useful in the treatment of pts with stable angina on effort." 09/01/1981 - "In chronic stable angina, the efficacy of nifedipine stems from an interplay of direct and reflex effects. " 01/07/2010 - "Using data from the ACTION trial, which compared long-acting nifedipine GITS with placebo in 7665 patients with stable angina from 19 countries, we determined by country the ratio of the observed (O) and the expected (E, based on multivariate models) number of patients who had a history of CAG before entry, or underwent CAG during a mean follow-up of 5 years. "
2.	Diltiazem (Cardizem)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1995 - "We conclude that evening administration of controlled-delivery diltiazem is highly effective and safe in the treatment of stable angina pectoris." 01/01/1985 - "Long-term efficacy of high-dose diltiazem for chronic stable angina pectoris: 16-month serial studies with placebo controls." 03/01/1995 - "Twenty-four hour efficacy of two dose levels of a once daily sustained-release diltiazem formulation in stable angina: a placebo-controlled trial. " 07/01/1995 - "Patients with stable angina pectoris receiving twice-daily sustained-release (SR) diltiazem were switched to equivalent doses of once-daily controlled-delivery (CD) diltiazem or to diltiazem SR. Patients who were switched from diltiazem SR to diltiazem CD (n = 28) experienced a 5% increase in time to termination (p = 0.0004) on the exercise tolerance test (ETT), as well as an 8% improvement in time to onset of angina (p < 0.0001) on the ETT. " 11/01/1993 - "Sustained-release diltiazem is effective and safe in treating patients with chronic stable angina."
3.	IvabradineIBA 11/01/2014 - "Clinical trials have proven the anti-anginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of the pacemaker current inhibitor ivabradine in combination with beta-blockers in patients with stable angina pectoris (AP). " 04/01/2017 - "However, the combination of ivabradine and beta-blockers has proven efficacy in patients with stable angina pectoris. " 01/01/2017 - "Ivabradine addition on top of optimal individualized dose of β-blockers is associated with decreased anginal events and improvement in QOL in patients with stable angina and history of coronary revascularization." 04/01/2016 - "Control group type did not influence the effect of exercise duration (significant) or time to angina onset (significant).Compared with beta-blocker and placebo, ivabradine improved exercise duration and time to onset of angina in patients with stable angina. " 12/01/2011 - "Beta-blocker dose up-titration or addition of ivabradine in stable angina: more is not necessarily better : editorial to: "efficacy of ivabradine in combination with beta-blocker versus uptitration of beta-blocker in patients with stable angina" by E. "
4.	Atenolol (Tenormin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/30/2013 - "The VASCO-angina study assessed the efficacy of the two doses of TMZ on total exercise duration (TED) and time to 1-mm ST segment depression (T1), in symptomatic patients with chronic stable angina receiving background atenolol treatment. " 03/01/2009 - "and atenolol at the commonly used dosage in clinical practice in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris produced additional efficacy with no untoward effect on safety or tolerability." 02/01/1989 - "Efficacy of atenolol in the short and long-term treatment of patients with effort stable angina." 04/01/1983 - "Improved exercise performance following single daily dose of atenolol in stable angina." 01/01/1981 - "In order to assess the therapeutical efficacy of atenolol in stable angina pectoris of effort, we studied 40 patients with a positive exercise stress test. "
5.	Nitroglycerin (Dynamite)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1992 - "The nitroglycerin patches administration was effective for stable angina pectoris with excellent patient's compliance." 12/01/1989 - "The safety and efficacy of using continuous high-dose transcutaneous nitroglycerin in doses up to 100 mg/24 hours in chronic stable angina was assessed in 20 patients using serial treadmill testing. " 01/01/1988 - "The efficacy of a 2.5 mg sustained-release buccal nitroglycerin preparation given 8-hourly in effort-induced stable angina pectoris was investigated by means of graded exercise testing in 15 patients. " 01/01/1986 - "The efficacy of a once daily transdermally applied nitroglycerin system and of sustained release nitroglycerin capsules was assessed by ergometer stress testing in 12 patients with stable angina pectoris in a double-blind crossover study. " 03/25/1988 - "Efficacy of a new transdermal nitroglycerin patch (Deponit 10) for stable angina pectoris."
6.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1992 - "Efficacy of conventional and sustained-release verapamil in stable angina pectoris." 02/01/1987 - "Efficacy of sustained-release verapamil in chronic stable angina pectoris." 09/01/1981 - "These findings suggest that verapamil possesses a powerful and sustained antianginal action and, in a dose of 360 mg daily, merits a place as a primary therapeutic agent in the management of chronic stable angina." 01/01/1984 - "Therefore, administration of verapamil twice daily is effective in patients with stable angina pectoris, with a similar efficacy to taking verapamil four times daily without any increase in adverse effects." 04/19/1980 - "Thus verapamil (360 mg daily) may be useful in the management of chronic stable angina."
7.	CalciumIBA 01/30/1987 - "Where medical management of chronic stable angina is considered, calcium antagonists offer a reasonable alternative to beta blockers, and the use of the combination is highly effective, more so than either substance alone." 04/01/1987 - "[Comparative evaluation using an ergometric test of the efficacy of the 3 major calcium antagonists on exertion stable angina]." 05/26/1999 - "beta-Blockers provide similar clinical outcomes and are associated with fewer adverse events than calcium antagonists in randomized trials of patients who have stable angina." 04/01/1992 - "A parallel, randomised, double-blind, double placebo study involved 126 patients with stable angina, concomitantly receiving beta-blockers and/or calcium inhibitors. " 01/01/1989 - "We performed controlled studies to evaluate the influence of single oral doses of calcium antagonists on ischemic ST-depression (calculated as the mean of all exercise and recovery minutes = mean ST-depression) in exercise ECGs of patients with proven CHD and stable angina pectoris. "
8.	Trimetazidine (Vastarel)IBA 01/01/2005 - "Due to its metabolic effect, free of any hemodynamic action, trimetazidine has proven to be beneficial for combination in patients with stable angina." 01/01/2004 - "The results of this study suggest an improvement in clinical efficacy and in quality of life and a good tolerance of trimetazidine MR administered at a dose of 35mg twice a day for 8 weeks in patients with stable angina." 04/01/2003 - "In double-blind placebo-controlled trials trimetazidine significantly improved symptom-limited exercise performance in stable angina patients when used either as monotherapy or in combination with beta-blockers or Ca2+ channel antagonists. " 01/01/2009 - "The inclusion of trimetazidine in the antianginal treatment of stable angina is independently associated with a significant reduction in mortality after surviving an MI. " 01/01/2017 - "Trimetazidine is effective in the treatment of stable angina compared with placebo, alone or combined with conventional anti-anginal agents. "
9.	NitratesIBA 07/01/2000 - "Patients with chronic-stable-angina treated with a long-acting nitrate demonstrate improvement in myocardial perfusion defect extent and severity in an extended period by means of both visual and quantitative analysis of sequential exercise testing to the same rate-pressure product end point." 01/06/1995 - "The choice between beta-blockade or nitrates as first line treatment for stable angina pectoris is based upon the different mechanisms of action and patient characteristics. " 09/01/1991 - "In the clinical situation, this may lead to an improved exercise performance in patients with stable angina pectoris during chronic nitrate treatment, independent of its systemic vascular effects." 07/01/1985 - "Improved coronary supply: prevailing mechanism of action of nitrates in chronic stable angina." 03/01/2019 - "In this study we aimed to critically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Compound salvia pellet compared with nitrates in the treatment of Chronic Stable Angina (CSA) pectoris, and to provide more credible evidence for clinical practice. "
10.	Propranolol (Inderal)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1984 - "Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of propranolol given once, twice and four times daily in stable angina pectoris: a multicenter study using serial exercise testing." 05/01/1975 - "Nineteen patients with severe but stable angina pectoris entered a double blind controlled study to evaluate the effect of orally administered propranolol on exercise tolerance measured with a bicycle ergometer, and left ventricular function measured by echocardiography and systolic time intervals. " 01/01/2002 - "[Decrease in the sensitivity to the anti-ischemic effect of propranolol and prospects for correcting it in patients with stable angina pectoris]." 03/01/1994 - "Comparison with propranolol in patients with stable angina. " 01/01/1990 - "Doses of 80, 160 and 320 mg of Inderal LA (slow-release propranolol) were compared in 12 patients with stable angina pectoris. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 11/27/2019 - "According to the current guidelines, optimal medical therapy (OMT) is recommended as the first-line treatment for stable angina; with revascularisation being reserved for those with persistent or progressive symptoms despite intensive medical therapy. " 04/12/2021 - "Professor LIANG Fan-rong's team from Chengdu University of TCM published Acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for chronic stable angina: a randomized clinical trial in JAMA Internal Medicine on July 29, 2019, which demonstrates that acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy is safety and effective for mild and moderate chronic stable angina. " 05/01/2001 - "The 1997 European Society of Cardiology guidelines emphasised medical therapy as the mainstay of treatment of stable angina. " 12/01/1993 - "Full medical therapy with antiischemic agents may be effective in controlling symptoms and preventing death and is therefore the first treatment of choice; as in stable angina, further treatment is indicated in stabilized patients according to non invasive tests results and coronary angiograms. " 07/01/2015 - "Relative efficacy of antianginal drugs used as add-on therapy in patients with stable angina: A systematic review and meta-analysis."
2.	Percutaneous Coronary Intervention 01/01/2018 - "Percutaneous coronary intervention leads to a significant improvement of the health status in patients with stable angina and a CTO as compared with OMT alone. " 04/01/2015 - "The presence of subclinical cTnI elevation at admission was not uncommon and was associated with OCT-derived unstable plaque morphology in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention, and may help to identify patients with stable angina pectoris at high risk for periprocedural myocardial injury." 12/01/2012 - "In the setting of chronic stable angina, successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTO) has been shown to produce significant symptom improvement with some evidence for survival benefit. " 02/01/2009 - "Evidence of improved regional myocardial function in patients with chronic stable angina and apparent normal ventricular function--a tissue Doppler study before and after percutaneous coronary intervention." 10/01/2020 - "In patients with stable angina (SA), the clinical benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reside almost exclusively within the realm of symptomatic improvement rather than improvement in hard clinical endpoints. "
3.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 06/01/1989 - "Over the last 20 years, operative mortality has decreased and late survival has improved for patients with chronic stable angina who have coronary artery bypass surgery. " 04/01/1984 - "To determine if improved perfusion eliminates asynergy at rest, 23 patients with angina (stable in 21, unstable in 2) were studied before and after coronary artery bypass surgery. " 09/20/2018 - "The study included patients with stable angina pectoris and indications for coronary artery bypass grafting. " 01/01/2016 - "In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in saphenous vein graft disease (SVGD) in patients with stable angina pectoris after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. " 10/01/2011 - "Sixteen patients with stable angina pectoris scheduled for first time coronary artery bypass grafting were included in the study. "
4.	Stents 03/01/2000 - "CONCLUSION: Despite the relatively high percentage of small vessels, the outcome of the ROSE trial is comparable to those observed in previous stent trials, indicating that the coronary beStent is safe and effective as a primary device for the treatment of native coronary artery lesions in patients with (un)stable angina pectoris." 03/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate whether direct stenting is superior to conventional stent implantation technique with respect to QTc dispersion in prospectively selected patients with simple lesion morphology and class II stable angina undergoing elective coronary stenting. " 09/01/2000 - "CONCLUSION: the outcome of the FINESS-II trial is comparable to those observed in previous stent trials (Benestent II), indicating that the coronary NIR stent is safe and effective as a primary device for the treatment of native coronary artery lesions in patients with (un)stable angina pectoris." 02/01/2022 - "The study group comprised 18 716 matched pairs with stable angina and 46 241 with ACS treated with PCI and stent implantation between 2014 and 2017 in 151 tertiary invasive cardiology centers in Poland (the ORPKI Polish National Registry). " 01/01/2021 - "This study aimed to determine the association between the TV-CAC score measured by MDCT and stent expansion rate in patients who underwent IVUS-guided PCI for stable angina. "
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 12/01/2007 - "Pharmacotherapy for the management of chronic stable angina has not changed much in the past 10-20 years. " 06/19/2014 - "Randomised controlled trials (RCT) on the drug therapy of stable angina pectoris with multiple outcome measures, selected from symptomatic relief, ECG tests, exercise tests, heart rates and blood pressures, etc, will be included. " 05/28/2008 - "COURAGE is the reference study that situates the modern interventional cardiology and drug therapy for the management of stable angina. " 01/01/2023 - "Its most frequent manifestation, stable angina pectoris, may be challenging to manage despite the available antianginal pharmacotherapy and adequate risk factor control, especially in subjects not amenable to revascularization. " 03/01/2017 - "This manuscript primarily deals with drug therapy of stable angina pectoris and not coronary artery revascularization, which also provides angina relief but is usually reserved for patients who fail to respond to adequate drug therapy."