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Verapamil (Calan)

A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.

Also Known As:

Calan; Dexverapamil; Isoptin; Cordilox; Falicard; Finoptin; Isoptine; Izoptin; Lekoptin; Sandoz Brand of Verapamil; Verapamil Hydrochloride; Hydrochloride, Verapamil; Verapamil Sandoz Brand; Iproveratril; Benzeneacetonitrile, alpha-(3-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)methylamino)propyl)-3,4-dimethoxy-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-

Networked: 5275 relevant articles (571 outcomes, 852 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Amines: 1422
  - Ethylamines: 5
    - Phenethylamines: 14
      - Verapamil: 5275
        Gallopamil: 202
        emopamil: 38
        norverapamil: 19
        verapamil drug combination quinidine: 15
        Bodipy-verapamil: 3
        nexopamil: 3
        4-desmethoxyverapamil: 2
        alpha-(3-aminopropyl)-3,4-dimethoxy-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetonitrile: 2
        devapamil: 2
        phenoptin: 2
        1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-diydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)methylamino)-2-isopropylpentyl)amide: 1
        2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile: 1
        CL 347099: 1
        D 595: 1
        D 703: 1
        HO-4038: 1
        KR 30035: 1
        KR30031: 1
        Ro 44-5911: 1
        stenoptin: 1
        (N-benzoyl)-5-((3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)methylamino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-isopropyl-N-4-azidobenzoylpentylamine
        1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-pyridine-4-carboxylic acid-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl)methylamino)-2-isopropyl-pentylamide
        2-(2-isopropyl)-5-hydroxy-2-phenylpentanenitrile
        2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylamino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
        2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-isopropyl-6-azaoctanitrile
        5-((3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)methylamino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-isopropylpentyl isothiocyanate
        alpha-(3-((2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)ethyl)methylamino)propyl) -3,4-dimethoxy-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetonitrile
        carboxyverapamil
        CVAD-V protocol
        EDP 96
        KR 30032
        LU 49888
        noremopamil
        Osaka University cocktail
        PB-3 flush solution
        Ro 44-5912

Experts

1.	Pepine, Carl J: 35 articles (11/2015 - 10/2004)
2.	Gong, Yan: 16 articles (11/2015 - 06/2007)
3.	Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M: 14 articles (11/2015 - 10/2004)
4.	Messerli, Franz H: 14 articles (01/2015 - 07/2004)
5.	Cooper-Dehoff, Rhonda M: 14 articles (03/2014 - 07/2005)
6.	Champion, Annette: 12 articles (08/2010 - 01/2007)
7.	INVEST Investigators: 11 articles (08/2013 - 10/2004)
8.	Johnson, Julie A: 10 articles (11/2015 - 06/2007)
9.	Zhou, Qian: 10 articles (11/2009 - 01/2007)
10.	Handberg, Eileen M: 9 articles (01/2015 - 10/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 04/01/1995 - "In study 3, significantly greater reductions in ambulatory DBP and SBP were observed with verapamil compared with placebo (P < 0.01) in elderly patients with mild to moderate hypertension. " 05/01/1989 - "The efficacy of sustained-release verapamil as a first-stage treatment for mild to moderate, uncomplicated essential hypertension was studied. " 01/01/1989 - "We conclude that this formulation of sustained-release verapamil is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild-to-moderate hypertension and that once-daily dosage with 240 mg maintains ambulatory BP reduction throughout the dosing interval." 01/01/1989 - "The blood-pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy of sustained-release verapamil, using both clinic and ambulatory measurements, was assessed in patients with essential hypertension. " 12/01/1987 - "The long-term safety and efficacy of twice-daily sustained-release verapamil were assessed compared to thrice-daily immediate-release verapamil in 25 patients with mild to moderate systemic hypertension. "
2.	Ischemia 01/01/1994 - "Administration of verapamil (200 micrograms/kg bolus plus 40 micrograms/kg/min), which was started before the onset of ischemia and continued until 20 min after reperfusion, significantly improved the recovery of TF to 74 +/- 6% (p < 0.05). " 05/01/1992 - "It is concluded that controlled-release verapamil, administered directly to the heart, was effective for preventing VT and VF associated with acute coronary ischemia, and that this route of administration was not associated with any significant deterioration of cardiac function." 08/01/1985 - "Rats receiving verapamil pretreatment demonstrated significantly greater functional preservation 48 hours after ischemia (p less than 0.005) and exhibited better overall survival rates. " 11/01/1999 - "Only after application of 1 mg verapamil, a sustained flow velocity on a higher baseline level was reached (17 cm/s), at the same time typical signs of ischemia in the ECG (ST-segment depressions) improved. " 08/01/1993 - "After 120 minutes of ischemia, only pretreatment with verapamil was effective in protecting cortical QO2 from ischemic injury. "
3.	Atrial Fibrillation 05/01/2001 - "In patients with chronic atrial fibrillation, clearance of oral, but not intravenous, S -verapamil and R -verapamil is significantly reduced with multiple doses compared with a single dose, thereby indicating predominant impairment of prehepatic rather than hepatic metabolism as the underlying mechanism. " 04/01/1997 - "Despite a significant reduction in electrical remodeling, there was only a minimal reduction in inducibility of atrial fibrillation by verapamil (34% versus 39% in the control experiments, P = .03). " 05/01/2001 - "Racemic (R /S)- verapamil is widely used in the management of chronic atrial fibrillation. " 01/01/1984 - "Verapamil is also effective in slowing the ventricular response to atrial fibrillation or flutter. " 04/01/1996 - "If tolerated, continuous intravenous verapamil infusion showed only a modest prophylactic efficacy for the occurrence of atrial fibrillation after lung operations. "
4.	Supraventricular Tachycardia 07/01/1991 - "In contrast, verapamil is markedly effective in the acute management of "supraventricular" tachycardias. " 12/15/1988 - "Verapamil was an effective treatment for acutely converting supraventricular tachycardia to sinus rhythm in these dogs. " 07/01/1988 - "Verapamil has been shown to be effective in the management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). " 12/01/1986 - "Verapamil is the treatment of choice (90% effective) for uncomplicated episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. " 04/01/1987 - "Intravenous verapamil is an effective and safe drug for the conversion of supraventricular tachycardia in children."
5.	Angina Pectoris 11/01/1982 - "The combined evidence from all these studies indicates that verapamil is a highly effective and safe drug for the treatment of stable effort-related angina pectoris." 10/01/1990 - "In eight of ten patients, diastolic blood pressure rises during exercise were significantly lowered during verapamil treatment in Phase I. In a limited population of patients followed for long periods of time, our data show that verapamil remains acceptably effective in the treatment of angina pectoris. " 02/01/1992 - "Efficacy of conventional and sustained-release verapamil in stable angina pectoris." 03/01/1987 - "The efficacy of a once daily, sustained release formulation of verapamil (Verapamil SR, 360 mg) was evaluated in 19 patients with chronic angina pectoris using a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover protocol. " 02/01/1987 - "Efficacy of sustained-release verapamil in chronic stable angina pectoris."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Nifedipine (Adalat)
2.	Diltiazem (Cardizem)
3.	Calcium
4.	Propranolol (Inderal)
5.	Calcium Channels (Calcium Channel)
6.	trandolapril (Mavik)
7.	Adenosine
8.	Nitroglycerin (Dynamite)
9.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
10.	Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Electric Countershock (Cardioversion)
3.	Intralesional Injections
4.	Transplants (Transplant)
5.	Induced Heart Arrest (Cardioplegia)