Melatonin supplementation plus exercise behavior ameliorate insulin resistance, hypertension and fatigue in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

The objective was to investigate the effects of melatonin and exercise on insulin resistance (IR), hypertension and fatigue syndrome in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Rats were divided into 5 groups namely normal control (NC), T2DM control group (DC), diabetes plus exercise (DE), diabetes plus oral melatonin supplement (DM) and diabetes plus melatonin and exercise (DME) groups. Melatonin was administered orally 5mg/kg twice daily and 40min swimming/day 5days/week were regimented after diabetes induction.

RESULTS:

Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, IR, serum leptin, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation increased significantly (P<0.01) while serum adiponectin, antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, glutathione), exercise performance significantly decreased (P<0.001) in the DC group compared with the control group. Combined effects of exercise and melatonin ameliorated markedly hypertension, IR, biochemical alteration induced by diabetes and significantly increased exercise performance (P<0.01). The expression glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) mitochondrial biogenesis related proteins such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1 α), nuclear respiratory factor (NRFs) and mitochondrial transcription factor-A were up-regulated skeletal and cardiac muscle in the DME group.

CONCLUSION:

Melatonin supplementation in combination with exercise behavior may ameliorate IR, hypertension and exercise performance or fatigue possibly by improving antioxidative activities, hyperlipidemia, inflammatory cytokines via up-regulation of GLUT4, PGC-1 α and mitochondrial biogenesis in T2DM rats.

• Authors: Md Mahbubur Rahman, Han-Sol Kwon, Myung-Jin Kim, Hyeon-Kyu Go, Min-Ho Oak, Do-Hyung Kim
• Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (Biomed Pharmacother) Vol. 92 Pg. 606-614 (Aug 2017) ISSN: 1950-6007 [Electronic] France
• PMID: 28578257 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Melatonin

Topics

• Animals
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood, complications, therapy)
• Diet, High-Fat (adverse effects)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fatigue (blood, complications, therapy)
• Hypertension (blood, complications, therapy)
• Insulin Resistance (physiology)
• Male
• Melatonin (administration & dosage)
• Physical Conditioning, Animal (methods, physiology)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley