Melatonin

A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.

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Networked: 5553 relevant articles (624 outcomes, 1360 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Reiter, Russel J: 209 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
2.	Cardinali, Daniel P: 58 articles (09/2015 - 02/2002)
3.	Reiter, R J: 49 articles (12/2015 - 01/2000)
4.	Tan, Dun-Xian: 45 articles (10/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Blask, David E: 29 articles (08/2015 - 02/2002)
6.	Zisapel, Nava: 29 articles (03/2015 - 02/2002)
7.	Sener, Göksel: 26 articles (04/2014 - 03/2002)
8.	Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R: 25 articles (09/2015 - 01/2006)
9.	Acuña-Castroviejo, Darío: 25 articles (09/2015 - 05/2003)
10.	Escames, Germaine: 25 articles (09/2015 - 01/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 07/01/2009 - "Melatonin rhythm was dramatically reduced for undifferentiated or invasive tumors. " 04/01/2013 - "Considering that HIF-1α is overexpressed in a majority of human cancers, melatonin could offer a potent therapeutic agent for cancer." 08/01/2012 - "Thus, melatonin has proven useful in the treatment of tumors in association with chemotherapeutic drugs. " 01/01/1993 - "Melatonin, because it is a potent antioxidant, may provide significant protection against cancer initiation as well as promotion. " 07/01/2015 - "These data indicated that melatonin may be effective in counteracting RMS tumor growth and chemoresistance. "
2.	Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders (Insomnia) 02/01/2005 - "However, existing studies on the soporific efficacy of melatonin have been highly heterogeneous in regard to inclusion and exclusion criteria, measures to evaluate insomnia, doses of the medication, and routes of administration. " 05/01/2006 - "Analysis of the trial data able to be evaluated showed a significant reduction in initial insomnia of 16 minutes with melatonin relative to placebo, with an effect size of 0.6. " 01/01/2007 - "There are data indicating that, in affected individuals, melatonin therapy may be beneficial for ameliorating insomnia symptoms. " 02/01/2001 - "The results show that melatonin, 5 mg at 6 PM, was relatively safe to take in the short term and significantly more effective than placebo in advancing sleep onset and dim light melatonin onset and increasing sleep duration in elementary school children with chronic sleep onset insomnia. " 02/01/2001 - "To establish the efficacy of melatonin treatment in childhood sleep onset insomnia, 40 elementary school children, 6 to 12 years of age, who suffered more than 1 year from chronic sleep onset insomnia, were studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. "
3.	Ischemia 04/01/2003 - "There is convincing evidence from the literature that melatonin treatment is highly effective in different in vivo and in vitro models of excitotoxicity or ischemia/reperfusion in multiple animal species. " 09/23/2010 - "To develop more potent therapeutic agents with therapeutic efficacy for ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, we linked an antiinflammatory moiety (1,3-dioxane derivative) to the key pharmacophoric moiety of melatonin. " 09/01/1997 - "The results suggest that melatonin confers a marked protection against ischemia-reperfusion gastric injury which could be due to melatonin's free radical scavenging activity and its ability to reduce neutrophil-induced toxicity." 10/31/2008 - "This study was performed to establish the effect of high dose melatonin on protection against ischemia- reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat hearts. " 01/01/2006 - "Melatonin (50 microm), when administered either before and during reperfusion after ischemia or during reperfusion only, significantly improved cardiac output and work performance and reduced infarct size compared with untreated controls. "
4.	Inflammation 10/01/2014 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin to affect mild inflammation in the metabolic syndrome (MS) induced by a high-fat diet in rats. " 12/01/2010 - "Histopathological examination of ischemic muscles in the I/R group showed significant degeneration and inflammation compared to the control group whereas melatonin administered ischemic muscles showed significant reduction in degeneration and inflammation compared to the I/R group (p<0.001). " 01/01/2010 - "Moreover, supplementation by exogenous melatonin significantly suppresses gut inflammation, thus confirming that melatonin is protective against postburn inflammation." 11/01/2011 - "Melatonin treatment normalized the oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic patterns, whereas GH replacement, although effective in reducing oxidative stress in distal colon, did not reverse the age-related inflammation or apoptosis. " 04/01/2007 - "Possible protective effects of exogenous melatonin on colonic inflammation were studied in rats. "
5.	Reperfusion Injury 05/06/2010 - "In rodent studies melatonin has been shown to be highly effective in limiting abnormal cardiac physiology and the loss of critical heart tissue resulting from ischemia/reperfusion injury. " 01/01/2013 - "The protection against endothelial damage, vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation and leukocyte infiltration might contribute to the beneficial effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury by melatonin. " 12/01/2010 - "In the present skeletal muscle acute I/R injury model, protective effects of melatonin against reperfusion injury have been revealed. " 12/01/2010 - "[Protective effects of melatonin on ischemia-reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle]." 07/01/2003 - "The protective effects of physiological and pharmacological concentrations of melatonin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Hormones
2.	Interleukin-2 (IL2)
3.	ramelteon (Rozerem)
4.	Vitamin E
5.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
6.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)
7.	Insulin (Novolin)
8.	indole
9.	Peroxynitrous Acid (Peroxynitrite)
10.	Tryptophan (L-Tryptophan)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy)
3.	Ligation
4.	Immunotherapy
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)