Neonatal Sepsis

Blood infection that occurs in an infant younger than 90 days old. Early-onset sepsis is seen in the first week of life and most often appears within 24 hours of birth. Late-onset occurs after 1 week and before 3 months of age.

Also Known As:

Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis; Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis; Sepsis, Neonatal; Early-Onset Sepses, Neonatal; Early-Onset Sepsis, Neonatal; Late-Onset Sepses, Neonatal; Late-Onset Sepsis, Neonatal; Neonatal Early Onset Sepsis; Neonatal Early-Onset Sepses; Neonatal Late Onset Sepsis; Neonatal Late-Onset Sepses; Neonatal Sepses; Sepses, Neonatal; Sepses, Neonatal Early-Onset; Sepses, Neonatal Late-Onset; Sepsis, Neonatal Early-Onset; Sepsis, Neonatal Late-Onset

Networked: 2060 relevant articles (114 outcomes, 406 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
2.	Infections
3.	Endometritis
4.	Chorioamnionitis
5.	Streptococcal Infections (Streptococcal Infection)

Experts

1.	Sharland, Mike: 15 articles (10/2022 - 11/2012)
2.	Dutta, Sourabh: 12 articles (01/2022 - 10/2004)
3.	Basu, Sulagna: 10 articles (01/2022 - 05/2012)
4.	Plötz, Frans B: 9 articles (01/2022 - 11/2019)
5.	Heath, Paul T: 9 articles (04/2020 - 11/2012)
6.	Bhandari, Vineet: 9 articles (01/2018 - 01/2003)
7.	Dilli, Dilek: 8 articles (11/2022 - 01/2010)
8.	Achten, Niek B: 8 articles (01/2022 - 11/2019)
9.	Giannoni, Eric: 8 articles (01/2021 - 07/2011)
10.	Ochoa, Theresa J: 8 articles (01/2020 - 06/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Neonatal Sepsis:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 11/01/2023 - "Utilization of the Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis Risk Calculator would have led to a significant reduction in the evaluation for EOS but no reduction in antibiotic exposure. " 11/01/2021 - "Improving turnaround times for antibiotic sensitivity testing using point-of-care testing, and a greater yield of culture-positive results are needed to enhance the management of neonatal sepsis. " 11/22/2020 - "Judicious use of antibiotics based on the updated knowledge of prevalent organisms in the local hospital setting and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern is of utmost importance for the effective treatment of neonatal sepsis." 10/26/2022 - "The Northern California Kaiser-Permanente Neonatal Sepsis Risk Calculator (SRC) has proved to be safe and effective in reducing laboratory tests, hospital admissions, and administration of antibiotics to patients at risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). " 04/07/2023 - "Delay in the time-to-positivity of a peripheral blood culture (PBC), the gold standard for early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) diagnosis, has resulted in excessive use of antibiotics. "
2.	C-Reactive ProteinIBA 01/01/2021 - "To study the efficacy of C-reactive protein (CRP), micro-ESR, and gastric aspirate for polymorphs in the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis. " 07/01/2023 - "The objective of the study was to evaluate role of white blood cell count, IT ratio and C-reactive protein in early detection of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis. " 01/01/2018 - "The aim of our study is to evaluate PCT as a diagnostic marker of neonatal sepsis in comparison with C-reactive protein (CRP). " 01/01/2018 - "This study provides support for further studies on the usefulness of salivary C-reactive protein, mean platelet volume, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as diagnostic markers for neonatal sepsis." 05/01/2015 - "To study the clinical values of C-reactive protein (CRP), the percentage of neutrophils, and mean platelet volume (MPV) in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. "
3.	ProcalcitoninIBA 07/01/2015 - "Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: Still Room for Improvement in Procalcitonin Diagnostic Accuracy Studies." 12/01/2011 - "Procalcitonin measurement at 24 hours of age may be helpful in the prompt diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis." 11/01/2021 - "This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin in the prompt diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. " 04/01/2020 - "To study the value of procalcitonin (PCT) within 3 days after birth in the diagnosis of neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS), as well as the thresholds of PCT in the diagnosis of EOS in neonates with different gestational ages and different ages. " 07/01/2019 - "As an early recognition of neonatal sepsis is important for triggering the initiation of treatment, this study was thus designed to assess the diagnostic performance and discrimination value of procalcitonin (PCT) in neonatal sepsis cases. "
4.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 04/01/2021 - "PCT is a very useful biomarker for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, showing 84.2% diagnostic accuracy. " 04/01/2021 - "To ascertain the diagnostic accuracy of serum PCT as an early biomarker of neonatal sepsis using blood culture as gold standard, so that the condition could be diagnosed and managed early to prevent and reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. " 01/01/2023 - "Future studies may incorporate biomarkers into clinical evaluation in LMICs to diagnose neonatal sepsis more accurately. " 12/12/2022 - "The objective of the study is to evaluate diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of biomarkers of neonatal sepsis in Sub Saharan Africa. " 12/01/2022 - "Conclusion: Our study suggests that NGAL could be a promising biomarker for neonatal sepsis detection. "
5.	Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG)FDA Link 03/01/1996 - "The article explores the conflicting results of clinical trials testing the efficacy of IVIG for neonatal sepsis. " 07/01/1995 - "The role of type-specific IVIG is evolving and may hold promise for both prevention and treatment of neonatal sepsis. " 04/01/2023 - "Intravenous immunoglobulin in the management of neonatal sepsis: A randomised controlled trial." 09/01/2012 - "Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showing good methodological quality and assessing the effect of adjuvant intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of neonatal sepsis were selected for inclusion and data analysis. " 09/29/2011 - "Meta-analyses of trials of intravenous immune globulin for suspected or proven neonatal sepsis suggest a reduced rate of death from any cause, but the trials have been small and have varied in quality. "
6.	ZincIBA 04/01/2019 - "Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of zinc supplementation in neonatal sepsis are included. " 01/01/2021 - "There are only few reports available to show the efficacy of zinc supplements in the management of neonatal sepsis." 09/01/2020 - "Efficacy of enteral zinc supplementation for neonatal sepsis." 04/01/2019 - "We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the efficacy of zinc supplementation for neonatal sepsis. " 04/01/2019 - "Efficacy of zinc supplementation for neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis."
7.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)IBA 08/01/2023 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of combined detection of PCT, IL-6, CRP, and WBC in neonatal sepsis. " 11/20/2020 - "This study aims to investigate the optimal cut-off levels and performance of IL-6 and CRP for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. " 01/01/2020 - "This study was done to investigate the role of CRP, PCT, and IL-6 in promoting the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in an attempt to decrease morbidity and mortality. " 04/01/2019 - "In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy studies of IL-6 in diagnosing neonatal sepsis. " 04/01/2019 - "In the present meta-analysis, there were 31 studies exploring IL-6 for the diagnostic accuracy of neonatal sepsis. "
8.	Gentamicins (Gentamicin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2016 - "Gentamicin for the treatment of neonatal sepsis is both feasible and effective in community-based settings and can be used as an alternative to the hospitalbased care in resource compromised settings. " 11/01/2016 - "Feasibility and efficacy of gentamicin for treating neonatal sepsis in community-based settings: a systematic review." 10/01/2009 - "The study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin for the treatment of neonatal sepsis in predetermined doses at 24- or 48-hour intervals, according to weight category, and to develop a simplified protocol for use in peripheral healthcare settings in developing countries. " 06/01/2007 - "The purpose of this study was to determine safe, effective, simplified dosing regimens of gentamicin for treatment of neonatal sepsis in developing countries. " 01/01/2023 - "Targeting Lower Serum Trough Concentrations: A New Gentamicin Dosing Strategy for Suspected Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis."
9.	Pentoxifylline (Trental)FDA LinkGeneric 08/22/2019 - "Efficacy of pentoxifylline treatment for neonatal sepsis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies." 08/22/2019 - "We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of pentoxifylline treatment for neonatal sepsis. " 02/12/2021 - "Retraction Note: Eficacy of pentoxifylline treatment for neonatal sepsis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies." 08/22/2019 - "Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the influence of pentoxifylline treatment on neonatal sepsis are included. " 01/01/2003 - "Researchers are encouraged to undertake large well-designed trials to confirm or refute the effectiveness of pentoxifylline to reduce mortality and adverse outcomes in neonates with suspected or confirmed neonatal sepsis. "
10.	Colistin (Coly-Mycin)FDA Link 02/12/2016 - "Our study showed that Colistin was both effective and safe for treating multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter neonatal sepsis. " 01/01/2020 - "Efficacy of colistin in multidrug-resistant neonatal sepsis: experience from a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan." 09/01/2016 - "The objective of this retrospective analysis was to study the efficacy and safety of intravenous colistin in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. " 09/01/2016 - "An audit of colistin use in neonatal sepsis from a tertiary care centre of a resource-limited country." 09/01/2016 - "This retrospective study in neonates with sepsis showed that intravenous colistin was safe and effective in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 07/29/2021 - "In neonatal sepsis, P-SEP compared to PCT has been shown to be more effective in diagnosing and guiding therapy. " 12/16/2020 - "We demonstrate the efficacy of hAFSC therapy in improving the mortality and morbidity associated with neonatal sepsis." 12/16/2020 - "We found that prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved spatial awareness and memory-based behavior in neonatal sepsis survivors at adolescence in rats. " 01/01/2020 - "Prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved survival in a rat model of LPS-induced neonatal sepsis. " 01/01/2014 - "Improved obstetrical management and evidence-based peripartum antimicrobial therapy in the last decades reduce the frequency of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and improve the outcome. "
2.	Antibiotic Prophylaxis 08/01/1999 - "Independent obstetrical risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis in premature infants may help to identify newborns who benefit from maternal antibiotic prophylaxis before birth. " 07/01/2004 - "Ten-year study on the effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on early onset group B streptococcal and Escherichia coli neonatal sepsis in Australasia." 01/01/2002 - "The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of clinical risk factors (CRF) for neonatal sepsis in laboring women and to evaluate clinician compliance with a CRF-based protocol for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). " 12/19/2022 - "Genomic Analysis of Group B Streptococcus from Neonatal Sepsis Reveals Clonal CC17 Expansion and Virulence- and Resistance-Associated Traits After Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis." 01/01/2022 - "Regarding fetal outcomes, antibiotic prophylaxis worked as a protective factor for neonatal sepsis. "
3.	Length of Stay 01/01/2023 - "This study suggests that family-involved care in NICU can (i) reduce the incidence of neonatal sepsis, (ii) improve growth, and (iii) reduce the length of hospital stay. " 03/01/2006 - "Neonates admitted with, or clinically suspected to develop neonatal sepsis during their hospital stay, for another reason, were included in this study. " 07/20/2023 - "The incidence of multidrug-resistant pathogens causing neonatal sepsis is high at our hospital and are associated with more in-hospital mortality and longer hospital stay. " 01/01/2023 - "Secondary outcomes included individual components of the composite, length of hospital stay, postoperative hospitalization or outpatient treatment related to infectious morbidity, and empirical treatment for neonatal sepsis. " 01/01/2022 - "A retrospective follow-up study, which includes 206 neonates, was conducted to assess the length of hospital stay among neonatal sepsis patients from September 2018 to September 2020 at TASH Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. "
4.	Immunomodulation 01/01/2018 - "Immunomodulation to Prevent or Treat Neonatal Sepsis: Past, Present, and Future." 02/01/2009 - "In this review, we identify some of the known deficits in the neonatal immune system and their clinical impact, summarize previous attempts at immunomodulation and the outcomes of these interventions, and discuss the potential of novel immunomodulatory therapies to improve neonatal sepsis outcome." 01/01/2006 - "Controversies in neonatal sepsis: immunomodulation in the treatment and prevention of neonatal sepsis." 12/16/2020 - "Recently, we reported that prophylactic therapy with human amniotic stem cells (hAFSCs) improved survival in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neonatal sepsis through immunomodulation. " 01/01/2020 - "Prophylactic therapy with human amniotic fluid stem cells improved survival in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced neonatal sepsis through immunomodulation via aggregates with peritoneal macrophages."
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 07/11/2017 - "Regarding the clinical outcome of neonatal sepsis: 189 (84%) were improved after treatment, 9 (4%) were died and 13 (5.8%) referred to other organizations for further treatment. " 12/04/1999 - " Case fatality in neonatal sepsis declined from 16.6% before treatment to 2.8% after treatment by village workers (p 0.01). " 12/04/1999 - "Case fatality in neonatal sepsis declined from 16.6% (163 cases) before treatment, to 2.8% (71 cases) after treatment by village health workers (p<0.01). " 04/01/2011 - "Our findings suggest that before and after treatment of neonatal sepsis a significant change is realized in thyroid hormone levels." 02/15/2022 - "However, on day 6 of care, his condition deteriorated, and after treatment with the COVID-19 protocol and antibiotic administration (because neonatal sepsis had not been ruled out), his condition gradually improved and he was discharged in good clinical condition without any sequelae. "