Pentoxifylline (Trental)

A METHYLXANTHINE derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1978 relevant articles (286 outcomes, 482 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Coimbra, Raul: 18 articles (06/2010 - 11/2003)
2.	Tsai, Tun-Jun: 11 articles (04/2014 - 12/2002)
3.	Gude, Rajiv P: 11 articles (03/2014 - 08/2003)
4.	Incandela, L: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
5.	Nicolaides, A N: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
6.	Cesarone, M R: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
7.	De Sanctis, M T: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
8.	Belcaro, G: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
9.	Geroulakos, G: 11 articles (01/2002 - 01/2002)
10.	Chiang, Wen-Chih: 9 articles (01/2015 - 12/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Intermittent Claudication 07/01/1988 - "Pentoxifylline, recently approved for the treatment of intermittent claudication, is hepatically cleared with a high degree of first-pass metabolism. " 01/01/1983 - "The positive results derived from pentoxifylline treatment are significant because, for the first time, treadmill testing can prove the effectiveness of a hemorheologic drug, such as pentoxifylline, in the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. " 11/01/1984 - "Although pentoxifylline has been shown to be effective in the treatment of intermittent claudication, additional research is needed to determine its use as adjunctive therapy in patients with concurrent coronary or cerebrovascular disease." 09/01/1989 - "In summary, pentoxifylline improved function and symptoms in 13 of 22 geriatric patients with intermittent claudication; the drug was safe and well tolerated at the usual dosage in this geriatric patient population." 09/01/1987 - "In this controlled trial the subset of patients with severe intermittent claudication benefited from pentoxifylline therapy."
2.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 11/01/2000 - "A statistically significant reduction of fibrosis was obtained with pentoxifylline when administered intraperitoneally rather than intravenously. " 08/01/2014 - "Efficacy of pentoxifylline as an antifibrotic drug in experimental murine schistosomal hepatic fibrosis." 06/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether pentoxifylline (PTX) treatment for 4 weeks (16 mg/kg/day) could significantly attenuate the process of fibrosis in diaphragm muscle from mdx mice. " 06/01/2004 - "In an open label drug trial, we studied the effects of pentoxifylline (400 mg orally tid for 8 weeks) on 30 patients who displayed late, radiation-induced fibrosis at 1 to 29 years posttreatment (40 to 84 Gy). " 07/01/2003 - "Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of combined pentoxifylline and tocopherol for regression of superficial radiation-induced fibrosis."
3.	Alcoholic Hepatitis 01/01/2014 - "[Is pentoxifylline effective in alcoholic hepatitis?]." 10/01/2014 - "Pentoxifylline vs. corticosteroid to treat severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomised, non-inferiority, open trial." 05/01/2013 - "Pentoxifylline in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a prospective, randomised trial." 01/01/2013 - "Group D: pentoxifylline / prednisoloneThe trial aims to randomise 1,200 patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, in order to provide sufficient power to determine whether either of the two interventions is effective. " 06/01/2012 - "Corticosteroid plus pentoxifylline is not better than corticosteroid alone for improving survival in severe alcoholic hepatitis (COPE trial)."
4.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 08/01/1996 - "In contrast, no significant reduction in nitroglycerine-induced vascular relaxation was seen in rats with sepsis irrespective of pentoxifylline treatment. " 08/01/1992 - "Recent evidence suggests that pentoxifylline (PTX) may be useful in the treatment of sepsis. " 01/01/2003 - "Studies were included if they were randomised or quasi-randomised trials, assessing the efficacy of pentoxifylline compared to placebo or no intervention as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy of suspected or confirmed sepsis in newborn infants less than 28 days old. " 04/01/1993 - "The phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX) inhibits TNF gene transcription and modulates PMN function, and has been shown to improve outcome in experimental sepsis. " 01/01/2011 - "In four randomised controlled trials, 227 neonates with suspected or confirmed sepsis were randomised to pentoxifylline or placebo. "
5.	Reperfusion Injury 04/01/1995 - "The severity of the tissue injury increased considerably after reperfusion of the ischemic intestine and pentoxifylline was effective in attenuating the reperfusion injury significantly." 12/01/2003 - "Pentoxifylline is as effective as leukocyte depletion for modulating pulmonary reperfusion injury." 01/01/2014 - "The Study of Pentoxifylline Drug Effects on Renal Apoptosis and BCL-2 Gene Expression Changes Following Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in Rat." 04/01/2007 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo effect of pentoxifylline on leukocyte-endothelium interaction in ischemia reperfusion injury. " 02/01/2002 - "The results of this study suggest that pentoxifylline treatment attenuates reperfusion damage on both side, possibly with its effects on blood flow and neutrophils. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)
2.	Pentoxifylline (Trental)
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)
4.	Vitamin E
5.	Prednisolone (Predate)
6.	Xanthine
7.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
8.	Thalidomide (Thalomid)
9.	Nafronyl (Naftidrofuryl)
10.	cilostazol (Pletal)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Oral Administration
2.	Resuscitation
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Intravenous Infusions