A 12-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of high-
carbohydrate diet on oxidative stress,
inflammation and apoptosis induced by
silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in M. amblycephala. Fish (20.12 ± 0.85 g) were randomly fed four diets (one control diet (C, 30%
carbohydrate), one control diet supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 Ag-NPs (CS), one high-
carbohydrate diet (HC, 45%
carbohydrate) and one HC diet supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 Ag-NPs (HCS)). The results indicated that
weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR),
antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) activities and expression of Trx, Cu/Zn-SOD,
Mn-SOD, CAT and GPx1 of fish fed CS diet were all remarkably lower than those of other groups, whereas the opposite was true for plasma IL 1β and IL 6 levels, liver ROS contents, hepatocytes apoptotic rate,
AMP/
ATP ratio, AMPKα, P 53 and
caspase 3 protein contents and
mRNA levels of AMPKα 1, AMPKα 2, TXNIP, NF-κB, TNFα, IL 1β, IL 6, P 53, Bax and
caspase 3. However, high-
carbohydrate diet remarkably increased WGR, SGR, liver SOD and CAT activities, AMPKα
protein content and
mRNA levels of
antioxidant genes (Cu/Zn-SOD,
Mn-SOD, CAT and GPx1), anti-inflammatory
cytokines (IL 10) and anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl 2) of fish facing Ag-NPs compared with the CS group, while the opposite was true for liver ROS contents, hepatocytes apoptotic rate, P 53 and
caspase 3 protein contents, as well as
mRNA levels of TXNIP, NF-κB, TNFα, IL 1β, IL 6, P 53, Bax and
caspase 3. Overall, high-
carbohydrate diet could attenuate Ag-NPs-induced hepatic oxidative stress,
inflammation and apoptosis of M. amblycephala through AMPK activation.