Kyphosis

Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1138 relevant articles (93 outcomes, 74 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Congenital Abnormalities (Deformity)
2.	Scoliosis
3.	Ankylosing Spondylitis
4.	Pain (Aches)
5.	Neurologic Manifestations (Neurological Manifestations)

Experts

1.	Qiu, Yong: 16 articles (12/2015 - 06/2005)
2.	Lenke, Lawrence G: 16 articles (09/2015 - 03/2003)
3.	Wang, Yan: 15 articles (12/2015 - 09/2009)
4.	Wang, Bin: 13 articles (12/2015 - 01/2006)
5.	Qi, Qiang: 12 articles (11/2014 - 02/2005)
6.	Wang, Zheng: 11 articles (12/2015 - 09/2009)
7.	Zhang, Yonggang: 10 articles (12/2015 - 05/2010)
8.	Qian, Bang-ping: 10 articles (11/2014 - 01/2006)
9.	Zeng, Yan: 10 articles (11/2014 - 01/2008)
10.	Bridwell, Keith H: 10 articles (04/2014 - 03/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Kyphosis:

1.	TitaniumIBA 09/01/2015 - "The efficacy of a posterolateral approach with resection of inflammatory tissue, and interbody (titanium cages) and dorsal fusion was investigated and the clinical and radiological parameters (correction of kyphosis and fusion rates) were evaluated. " 12/01/2011 - "Sagittal plane (kyphosis angle between T5-T12) curve was not worsened by posterior titanium instrumentation and it was 19.50±10.53 degrees preoperatively, 16.45±6.68 degrees at the first erect period and 17.73±8.40 degrees at the 24 months follow-up (p=0.74). " 11/01/2011 - "Nerves functions of all patients got improvement and no internal fixation fail, kyphosis angle obviously lost, titanium mesh shifting, loosening and breakage of screw were found at final follow-up. " 05/01/2008 - "Circumferential reconstruction using titanium mesh cages after EACC can provide appropriate, biomechanically stable fixation and allows for significant correction of preexisting kyphosis. " 06/01/2005 - "Thereafter, they were instrumented with titanium transpedicular screws and rods (short-segment posterior fixation); and reduction was achieved which included distraction and kyphosis correction maneuvers. "
2.	antineoplaston A10 (A 10)IBA 01/01/2009 - "Progressive improvement in chest wall excursion, increased thoracic kyphosis, and resolution of long-standing respiratory symptoms occurred concomitant with a >10 degree decrease in Cobb angle magnitude of the primary thoracic curvature. " 06/01/2003 - "A 10 degrees progression was defined as the radiographic criterion for the development of junctional kyphosis. " 07/01/2005 - "His posture improved based upon pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cervical radiographs, showing a change from a 10 degrees lordosis with midcervical kyphosis to a 30 degrees lordosis. "
3.	Durapatite (Hydroxylapatite)IBA 02/01/2011 - "Transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach could provide reliable neurologic improvement in patients with incomplete neurologic deficit, and could prevent the development of kyphosis.Furthermore" 04/01/2006 - "Posterior indirect reduction, transpedicular hydroxyapatite grafting, and pedicle screw fixation could provide reliable neurologic improvement in patients with incomplete neurologic deficit, and could prevent the development of kyphosis. "
4.	Diastrophic dysplasiaIBA 03/01/2012 - "The information is presented in the following order: First, the identification and treatment of midcervical kyphosis in Larsen syndrome and diastrophic dysplasia (DD). " 11/01/2000 - "The cases of two sisters with severe diastrophic dysplasia who showed some unusual radiographic features (kyphosis secondary to hypoplasia/dysplasia of the lumbar spine and a 'monkey wrench' appearance of the proximal femur) are reported here. " 11/01/2000 - "Diastrophic dysplasia with severe primary kyphosis and 'monkey wrench' appearance of the femora." 10/01/1999 - "Cervical kyphosis in diastrophic dysplasia usually is shown at the time of birth. " 10/01/1999 - "To discover the prevalence and natural history of cervical kyphosis in diastrophic dysplasia. "
5.	CosmeticsIBA 01/01/2010 - "Cosmetic score, Posterior Trunk Symmetry Index (POTSI), and kyphosis angle had significantly poorer SRM values than the Cobb angle. " 01/01/2015 - "The criteria of the patient selection for the procedure were progression of kyphosis angle, impaired truncal balance and cosmetic deformity. " 11/01/2014 - "At the same time, reduction may reduce or correct the lumbar-sacral kyphosis, recover the normal lumbar lordosis and normal sagittal alignment with an excellent cosmetic result. " 02/01/2014 - "Hypertrophic breasts are not only a cosmetic but also a functional problem complicated by pathologic conditions in the vertebral column such as increased cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and increased or decreased lumbar lordosis. " 04/20/2007 - "Post-traumatic kyphosis may lead to mechanical pain due to the impairment of physiologic sagittal contours as well as cosmetic complaints. "
6.	Polymethyl Methacrylate (Sol)IBA 10/01/2013 - "In computered tomography we saw a disruption of the PMMA cement plombage forwards and also a kyphosis of the lumbar vertebrae. " 02/01/2010 - "While the increased amount of the injected PMMA led to its leakage, it did not contribute to restoration of the VBH or kyphosis correction. " 10/01/2005 - "In some ocassion, prior to the PMMA injection, an inflatable bone tamp was inserted into both pedicles of the fractured vertebra with the aim of restoring vertebral height to correct the kyphosis deformation. " 12/01/2003 - "Reinforcement of short-segment pedicle fixation with PMMA vertebroplasty for the treatment of patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture may achieve and maintain kyphosis correction, and it may also increase and maintain anterior vertebral height. " 12/01/2003 - "Kyphosis correction was achieved in Group A (PMMA vertebroplasty) and Group B (Group A, 6.4 degrees; Group B, 5.4 degrees). "
7.	EOSIBA 06/01/2015 - "We claim that growing rod technique doesn't provide statistically significant improvement, in the sagittal spinal and the spinopelvic parameters, except for the kyphosis, in the treatment of EOS patients." 12/01/2014 - "From radiological measurements performed using low-dose EOS radiographs, the correction of thoracic kyphosis was compared between the two groups. " 11/01/2013 - "In eighty thoracic AIS patients, a slot-scanning radiologic device allowing simultaneous acquisition of orthogonal images and 3D reconstructions with low exposure to radiation (EOS) was used to determine thoracic volume, mean spinal penetration index (SPIm), apical spinal penetration index (SPIa), main thoracic (MT) curve Cobb angle, T4-T12 kyphosis, and apical vertebral rotation (AVR). " 04/15/2013 - "Increases in the upper thoracic scoliotic curve, thoracic kyphosis, and number of rod-lengthening procedures are positively associated with an increased risk of complications after GR surgery for EOS." 10/21/2015 - "Preoperative and postoperative EOS images of 120 consecutive patients with AIS (primary thoracic curves) treated with segmental thoracic pedicle-screw instrumentation were analyzed in the "3-D sagittal plane." The technique measured 3-D kyphosis or lordosis in the specific plane of sagittal motion for each spinal motion segment. "
8.	Sacral agenesisIBA 09/01/1981 - "Posterior lumbopelvic fusion with cable-hook compression instrumentation gave acceptable results in lumbopelvic kyphosis from complete sacral agenesis." 05/01/1990 - "Fourteen malformations in 11 patients were noted, including abnormal lumbosacral segmentation in five, congenital scoliosis and kyphosis in four, partial sacral agenesis in three, and interpedicular lumbar widenings in two. " 09/01/1981 - "The results of a prospective study of the surgical treatment of paralytic scoliosis and congenital lumbar kyphosis in 19 children with myelodysplasia and one child with sacral agenesis indicate that improved results can be achieved with the use of staged anterior and posterior fusions, more rigid spinal instrumentation, and bank and autogenous bone graft. "
9.	Rifampin (Rifampicin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1999 - "Ambulant chemotherapy for a period of six months with daily isoniazid plus rifampicin (Amb6) was an effective treatment for spinal tuberculosis except in patients aged less than 15 years with an initial angle of kyphosis of more than 30 degrees whose kyphosis increased substantially."
10.	Isoniazid (Ftivazide)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1999 - "Ambulant chemotherapy for a period of six months with daily isoniazid plus rifampicin (Amb6) was an effective treatment for spinal tuberculosis except in patients aged less than 15 years with an initial angle of kyphosis of more than 30 degrees whose kyphosis increased substantially."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Osteotomy 12/01/2015 - "For correcting severe kyphosis in patients with AS, the one-stage interrupted two-level transpedicular wedge osteotomy is a safe and effective technique which can significantly improve the thoracolumbar kyphosis angle." 01/01/2012 - "Good results can be achieved by applying proper posterior osteotomy and correction technique according to the severity of old tuberculous kyphosis." 08/15/2010 - "Based on the simulated osteotomy in computer before surgery, according to the characteristics of ankylosing spondylitic kyphosis, different posterior osteotomy and correction methods can achieve good results." 02/19/2013 - "As a safe and effective technique for correction of severe thoracolumbar kyphosis (Cobb > 100°) secondary to AS, single-stage skipping two-level PSO osteotomy can achieve larger correction and better sagittal alignment with a mean correction of 86°in terms of LL." 03/01/2015 - "Ponte osteotomy is effective for old osteoporotic multi-segment vertebral fracture combined with thoracolumbar kyphosis in elderly. "
2.	Decompression 01/01/2006 - "In patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, in the thoracic spine, posterior decompression may not always be effective for those with physiologic kyphosis; however, posterior decompression is sometimes useful for patients with multilevel lesions or with ossification of the ligamentum flavum. " 10/01/2001 - "All patients recovered neurologically after anterior decompression and correction of kyphosis. " 06/01/2015 - "EOLP with adjunct anterior short-segment decompression fusion yields an excellent outcome for MCSM patients who exhibit concomitant short-segment kyphosis, instability or major anterior pathology. " 02/01/2015 - "Anterior decompression and fusion procedures are more effective than posterior procedures for patients with primarily ventrally located compression especially in the presence of cervical kyphosis. " 01/01/2015 - "The surgical aims for DCKS are adequate decompression, correction of kyphosis, and solid instrumented fusion. "
3.	Kyphoplasty 07/01/2004 - "Local kyphosis significantly improved after kyphoplasty (mean local Cobb angle: acute, 15 to 8 degrees, p< .001; chronic, 15 to 10 degrees, p< .001). " 03/01/2005 - "In addition, we achieved a mean improvement in kyphosis angle of 6 degrees and an improvement in the wedge angle of 3.5 degrees (as compared with published results for kyphoplasty of 7.4 and 4.3 degrees , respectively; P < .001). " 12/01/2015 - "The positive correlation between upper adjacent vertebral fracture and the kyphosis angle of injured vertebral body after percutaneous kyphoplasty: An in vitro study." 03/01/2008 - "Biomechanical studies demonstrate that kyphoplasty is initially superior for increasing vertebral body height and reducing kyphosis, but these gains are lost with repetitive loading. " 12/01/2015 - "To investigate the correlation between the kyphosis angle of injured vertebral body and the risk of upper adjacent vertebral fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) using an osteoporotic vertebral compressed fracture model. "
4.	Vertebroplasty 05/01/2006 - "Patients with intravertebral clefts show a significant reduction of the kyphosis angle compared to non-cleft patients and have a significantly lower risk of experiencing cement leakage during vertebroplasty. " 05/01/2006 - "Due to the prone positioning of the patient during vertebroplasty, a significant reduction of the kyphosis angle was achieved in the cleft group. " 01/01/2005 - "Half of them reduced the kyphosis angle, and the anterior height vertebral body significantly improved after the vertebroplasty. " 10/01/2003 - "The kyphosis angle, wedge angle, anterior height, center height, and posterior height significantly improved after vertebroplasty. " 07/01/2006 - "Improvement in kyphosis angles was lost 1 year after vertebroplasty because new fractures occurred in 48% of these patients. "
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 08/01/1997 - "With early detection, institution of chemotherapy, and improved surgical techniques, patients with kyphosis rarely are seen today, particularly in urban centers that have an effective medical system. " 02/01/2013 - "Responses to postoperative chemotherapy and changes in the Cobb angle for kyphosis, fusion time, and Frankel grading were recorded. " 10/01/2005 - "The purpose was to prove the hypothesis that chemotherapy with transpedicular drainage and single-stage posterior instrumentation-fusion is enough for the prevention of lumbar kyphosis and sagittal offset in selected cases. " 01/01/2005 - "All patients were subjected to medical management, unless there were specific indications for surgery, as per our protocol, wherein absolute indications of surgery in adults included advanced neurological deficit (less than Grade 3 by 5, by the 5-point grading system of the Medical Research Council), neurology worsening while on antituberculous chemotherapy, diagnosis in doubt on clinicoradiological evaluation and significant kyphosis (greater than 40 degrees) on presentation. " 09/01/2001 - "The progression of post-tubercular kyphosis in 61 children who received ambulatory chemotherapy was studied prospectively. "