Lordosis

The anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back, saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal mating posture in certain animals ( = POSTURE + SEX BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL).

Networked: 2181 relevant articles (121 outcomes, 200 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Kyphosis
2.	Pain (Aches)
3.	Scoliosis
4.	Neck Pain (Cervicalgia)
5.	Spinal Cord Diseases

Experts

1.	Frye, Cheryl A: 36 articles (01/2020 - 08/2002)
2.	González-Flores, Oscar: 26 articles (01/2022 - 01/2004)
3.	Uphouse, Lynda: 24 articles (10/2015 - 06/2002)
4.	Etgen, Anne M: 23 articles (12/2019 - 02/2002)
5.	Lafage, Virginie: 22 articles (08/2022 - 01/2011)
6.	Walf, Alicia A: 18 articles (03/2014 - 07/2004)
7.	Ames, Christopher P: 17 articles (08/2022 - 04/2012)
8.	Bess, Shay: 17 articles (08/2022 - 01/2011)
9.	Smith, Justin S: 17 articles (08/2022 - 01/2011)
10.	Harrison, Deed E: 17 articles (02/2022 - 04/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Lordosis:

1.	ProgesteroneFDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1976 - "As none of the tested compounds were effective in replacing progesterone in adrenalectomized animals, adrenal secretion is likely to be implicated in the lordosis activating effect of these compounds. " 07/01/2011 - "Mechanisms responsible for progesterone's protection against lordosis-inhibiting effects of restraint II. Role of progesterone metabolites." 02/01/1999 - "The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that cGMP acts as a progesterone substitute to facilitate lordosis in oestrogen-primed rats. " 01/01/2017 - "Taken together, these results suggest a role for PR and thus perhaps progesterone in the development of lordosis behavior in female mice. " 10/01/2016 - "An investigation of aspects ranging from behavior to molecular electronic structure and physicochemical properties was performed to explore the role of 5α-pregnanedione (5α-DHP), 5β-pregnanedione (5β-DHP) and their precursor progesterone (P) on the concurrent inhibition of the sexual lordosis response in female rats. "
2.	Estrogens (Estrogen)FDA Link 10/01/2000 - "These results suggest that P is effective in suppressing lordosis enhanced by estrogen in either male rats or females. " 06/01/1999 - "Reduced efficacy of 8-OH-DPAT's inhibition of lordosis behavior by prior estrogen treatment." 05/10/2005 - "In a previous behavioral study, brief application of a membrane-limited estrogen to neurons in rat hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) facilitated lordosis behavior-inducing genomic actions of estrogen. " 11/01/2001 - "Several studies suggest that when manipulated experimentally in adulthood, the lordosis response to estrogen can be increased dramatically in male rats. " 04/01/1998 - "The aim of the study was to determine whether there is an increase in responsiveness to estrogen stimulation of maternal behavior and lordosis responsiveness during pregnancy. "
3.	SteroidsIBA 03/01/1989 - "The ability of developing ovariectomized (OVX) guinea pigs to display lordosis following a variety of steroid treatments which are behaviorally effective in adults was examined. " 09/01/2007 - "The present study was designed to investigate the role of the 5-HT7 receptors in lordosis and compare the lordotic responses with 5-HT1A agent under the influence of different steroid-priming regimens in ovariectomized, non-receptive and receptive rats. " 01/01/2012 - "Although much previous attention has focused on primary sex differences in reproductive behaviors, such as male mounting and female lordosis, we outline why secondary sex differences related to competition and mate choice might also trace their origins back to steroid-induced epigenetic programming in disparate regions of the brain." 11/01/2011 - "Whether OFQ/N acts in ARH and/or VMH and whether OFQ/N is necessary for steroid facilitation of lordosis are unclear. " 06/01/2007 - "A steroid-responsive neural network might govern copulatory behavior in male laboratory rats that is analogous to the network described in female rats that governs the lordosis response. "
4.	polyetheretherketoneIBA 10/18/2023 - "PEEK cage is superior to autologous facet joint bone block in intervertebral distraction and improvement of lumbar lordosis. " 08/21/2023 - "Both disc height and lumbar lordosis were well maintained throughout the study period, and no significant differences were observed between PEEK and 3DP-Ti groups. " 06/01/2023 - "Our study demonstrates that hyperlordotic PEEK implants used for ACR effectively contribute to restoration of cervical lordosis in patients undergoing ACDF, potentially reducing the need for additional posterior surgery." 01/01/2022 - "At the end of the study, improvement and maintenance of lumbar lordosis were achieved in 43.3% and 49.2% patients and segmental alignment in 38.3% and 36.1% for the allograft and PEEK patient groups, respectively. " 06/01/2007 - "The goal of our study was to investigate a series of patients with circumferential fixation using anterior PEEK cages for degenerative lumbar spine disorders with a specific interest in the local lordosis. "
5.	estradiol 3-benzoate (estradiol benzoate)IBA 09/01/1983 - "Two days after a single injection of estradiol benzoate (100 micrograms/kg body wt) in ovariectomized rats, a significantly greater number (7.8 +/- 0.2) of lordosis responses could be elicited before the response was exhausted (P less than 0.01). " 12/01/2016 - "The purpose of the current study was to test the role of the PR in the facilitation of lordosis and sequential inhibition induced by P and the following RPrg: 5α-pregnandione (5α-DHP), 5α,3β-pregnanolone (5α,3β-Pgl), 5β-pregnanedione (5β-DHP), and 5β,3α-pregnanolone (5β,3α-Pgl) in ovariectomized (ovx) female mice primed with estradiol benzoate. " 09/01/2015 - "The acute administration of estradiol benzoate (EB) to the ovariectomized (OVX) rat induces low levels of lordosis while sexually appetitive behaviors (e.g., hops, darts, solicitations) are absent, yet the repeated administration of EB results in a behavioral sensitization in which lordosis is potentiated and sexually appetitive behaviors are induced. " 09/01/2014 - "In female rats sexual receptivity (lordosis) can be induced with either a single large dose of estradiol benzoate (EB), or a priming dose of EB that does not induce sexual receptivity followed by 17β-estradiol (E2). " 07/01/2014 - "A brief restraint experience reduces lordosis behavior in ovariectomized females that have been hormonally primed with estradiol benzoate. "
6.	TitaniumIBA 02/01/2021 - "This study describes radiographic and clinical outcomes in patients treated using lateral titanium expandable interbody spacers with adjustable lordosis using MIS LLIF. " 01/01/2001 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a cylindrical titanium mesh and locking plate system as an alternative technique in achieving anterior cervical fusion and maintaining lordosis. " 09/03/2022 - "3D printed titanium cages better maintained the segmental lordosis at the operative level at all-time points. " 06/18/2022 - "In addition, the intervertebral titanium mesh cage bone graft can provide better outcomes with regard to maintaining lordosis and preventing collapse." 07/01/2018 - "Expandable titanium implants show similar improvements in restoring segmental and global lordosis. "
7.	Estradiol (Delestrogen)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2019 - "Lordosis reflex is highly dependent on increasing levels of estradiol that occur in the afternoon of the proestrus day in normally cycling females. " 01/01/2019 - "Because neonatal treatment with estradiol (E2) in female rats decreases lordosis, it is believed that the lateral septum is a target of E2 action to defeminize or masculinize the lordosis-inhibiting system. " 01/01/2017 - "Pre- and early postnatal estradiol defeminized the ability to show lordosis in adulthood, whereas prepubertal estradiol feminized this ability. " 10/01/2016 - "The concurrent inhibition of lordosis behavior occurs when ovariectomized rodents are primed simultaneously with estradiol (E2) and P. " 09/01/2014 - "Lordosis is facilitated when MPN MOR are deactivated after the initial estradiol-induced activation. "
8.	Hormones (Hormone)IBA 07/01/1989 - "The present study provides no evidence that AVP acts within the MPOA-AH to inhibit hamster lordosis, but demonstrates that ovarian hormones and male social contact block the induction of flank marking by AVP microinjected into the MPOA-AH. " 01/01/1986 - "In the present study, midbrain single unit activity was recorded during hormonal induction of lordosis, to identify neuronal activity mediating the sensorimotor control of the response and to observe functional changes in these neurons associated with the hormones' behavioral effect. " 01/04/2023 - "In experiment 2, we observed trends of increased sexual receptivity (linear correlation for weekly group means; mounts [p = 0.094 for trendline], intromissions [p = 0.073], lordosis quotient [p = 0.58], percent time spent with a male [p = 0.39], decreased percent time alone [p = 0.024]; four rats per condition), and some sexual motivation metrics (linear correlation for weekly group means; nose pokes per interval [p = 0.050], nose poke frequency [p = 0.039], decreased initial latency [p = 0.11]; four rats per condition) when PTNS was applied long-term with partial hormone priming, as compared with hormone-primed rats without stimulation. " 01/01/2020 - "Our results suggest that the activation of the MOR in the MPN is sufficient to attenuate lordosis behavior in a hormone-primed, sexually receptive female mouse. " 05/01/2012 - "Female receptivity including the immobile hormone-dependent lordosis posture is essential for successful reproduction in rodents. "
9.	Progesterone Receptors (Progesterone Receptor)IBA 02/01/1996 - "In the present study, we investigated whether there is an asymmetry in the distribution of progestin receptors in the hypothalamus, and whether the asymmetry in distribution is associated with receptivity as indicated by lordosis quotients. " 06/01/1988 - "Because manipulations of the noradrenergic system affect both lordosis behavior and progestin receptor levels in female guinea pigs, the present study attempted to determine if the noradrenergic (NE) system affects lordosis solely because of its impact on progestin receptors. " 04/01/2015 - "These findings allow the suggestion that the emergence of lordosis behavior is relatively resistant to the antiprogestin while the maintenance of lordosis behavior after restraint may require participation of intracellular progesterone receptors. " 10/01/2013 - "Expression of the primary female sex behaviour, lordosis, in laboratory animals depends on oestrogen-induced expression of progesterone receptor (PgR) within a defined cell group in the ventrolateral portion of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH). " 09/01/2008 - "However, there are few intracellular progestin receptors (PRs) that have been identified in the VTA through which P4 may have its actions to facilitate lordosis. "
10.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)IBA 03/01/2004 - "In an earlier investigation the efficacy of the Link method was demonstrated as shown by the reduction of the analgesic use, the angle of the lumbar lordosis (L1-S1) increased from 35.6 degrees to 42.6 degrees (20.2 %), the segmental angle from 19 degrees to 30 degrees (57.5 %). " 03/01/2007 - "The Trendelenburg position with the lumbar lordosis flattened by hip flexion was evaluated as a method to extend the analgesic level after the administration of hyperbaric local anaesthetic. " 10/01/2022 - "Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sagittal imbalance based on pelvic incidence−lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) mismatch on the analgesic efficacy of epidural steroid injection in geriatric patients. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Decompression 01/01/2022 - "Significant improvement of disc height, neuroforaminal height, segmental lordosis, and indirect decompression was achieved and maintained up to 1-year follow-up from baseline. " 11/01/2017 - "Statistical analysis was conducted to determine if there was a significant relationship between improvement in cervical lordosis and improvement in patient's clinical outcomes as enumerated by the Nurick Score in patients undergoing posterior alone versus combined anterior/posterior decompression, instrumentation and fusion of the cervical spine." 11/01/2015 - "Posterior decompression and stabilization in lordosis is a valuable procedure for patients affected by multilevel CSM, leading to significant clinical improvement thanks to the spinal cord back shift. " 06/01/2012 - "Posterior spinal cord decompression for this condition has been successful in our case, and we believe that the lumbar lordosis may have helped indirectly decompress the spinal cord by posterior decompression alone. " 06/01/2018 - "Our study showed an improvement in sagittal balance and lumbar lordosis after decompression surgery without fusion, even in patients with a preoperative SVA >100 mm. However, a certain degree of sagittal imbalance may persist after surgery in patients with major initial imbalance (SVA >100 mm). "
2.	Traction 12/01/2014 - "This study suggests that improved lordosis of the cervical spinal column can result in traction injury to the spinal cord and C5 nerve roots and that reoperation does not always produce good results. " 01/01/2017 - "A significant increase in the average disc height for all lumbar discs, a significant reduction of lumbar lordosis and changes in tilt angle were observed after the application of 30 min of resting followed by 30 min of traction. " 06/01/1995 - "The efficacy of cervical extension-compression traction combined with diversified manipulation and drop table adjustments in the rehabilitation of cervical lordosis: a pilot study." 01/01/1995 - "The efficacy of cervical extension-compression traction combined with diversified manipulation and drop table adjustments in the rehabilitation of cervical lordosis: a pilot study." 09/01/1994 - "The efficacy of cervical extension-compression traction combined with diversified manipulation and drop table adjustments in the rehabilitation of cervical lordosis: a pilot study."
3.	Laminoplasty 11/01/2020 - "To know the preoperative parameters for predicting loss of lordosis after cervical laminoplasty is important for better outcome after laminoplasty. " 06/01/2016 - "Nevertheless, laminoplasty seems to be effective and safe enough for patients with an occupying ratio < 60% or with adequate cervical lordosis. " 08/11/2023 - "This study aims to investigate the effects of T1 slope (T1s) on the disappearance of cervical lordosis after posterior cervical double-door laminoplasty using medical informatics and radiographic measures. " 08/01/2023 - "The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of loss of cervical lordosis after laminoplasty for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). " 11/01/2020 - "The preoperative parameters for predicting the loss of lordosis after cervical laminoplasty were investigated in the present study. "
4.	Osteotomy 01/01/2013 - "Segmental instrumentation with osteotomies was also more effective for restoration of physiologic lumbar lordosis compared with anterior stand-alone procedures. " 04/01/2007 - "Combined anterior and posterior surgery is more effective in improving lordosis than posterior-only surgery without osteotomies. " 06/01/2008 - "The average increase in lordosis and improved sagittal balance were 81.9 degrees and 17.1 cm. Mean correction through the osteotomy site was 42.2 degrees (range, 31-55 degrees). " 12/01/2022 - "The results of our study highlight that pedicle subtraction osteotomy, poor correction of lumbar lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis are significantly associated with postoperative occurrence of DJF." 04/01/2020 - "Clinical and cadaveric studies report increases in segmental lordosis in the lumbar spine by 73%, approximately 10° to 33°, depending on the degree of posterior osteotomy and lordosis of the hyperlordosis interbody spacer. "
5.	Injections 05/01/1989 - "In a separate experiment, unilateral injections of an undiluted sCCK-8 antiserum into the MPN produced significant reduction in lordosis behavior in highly receptive females when compared with a normal rabbit serum injected control group. " 11/28/1997 - "Antisense (without or with 4 mismatches) ODN injections near the VMHVL resulted in a significant reduction in lordosis quotient compared to control (reverse sense) ODN treatment or to antisense ODN injections targeted anterior or posterior to the VMHVL. " 03/01/1984 - "We also demonstrated that the 19 hr E injection could be eliminated and that two injections of E (0.5 microgram at hr 0 and 1.0 microgram at hr 28 followed by 0.5 mg P at hr 39) was at least as effective (69.0% responding) as three split injections in facilitating lordosis. " 03/01/2014 - "7 patients out of 8 showed a real improvement in their symptoms after an average of 3 injections, showing a decrease of 4.5 points on the VAS score and an average increment of 15° in cervical lordosis. " 11/01/2021 - "In Experiment 2, injections of P or TBL 40 h after EB or TBL induced lordosis within 4 h (facilitation test); however, a second injection of P, 24 h later, induced significant lordosis in rat pretreated with TBL, but not in rats pretreated with P (inhibition test). "