Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition following
reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction has a key role in
diabetic nephropathy (DN), thus,
antioxidant therapy is considered as a promising strategy for treating DN. Here, we investigated the
therapeutic effects of AB38b, a novel synthetic α, β-unsaturated
ketone compound, on the oxidative stress (OS) and ECM accumulation in
type 2 diabetes mice, and tried to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effects in high
glucose (HG, 30 mM)-treated mouse glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs).
Type 2 diabetes model was established in mice with high-fat diet feeding combined with
streptozocin intraperitoneal administration. The diabetic mice were then treated with AB38b (10, 20, 40 mg· kg-1· d-1, ig) or a positive control drug
resveratrol (40 mg· kg-1· d-1, ig) for 8 weeks. We showed that administration of AB38b or
resveratrol prevented the increases in
malondialdehyde level,
lactate dehydrogenase release, and
laminin and
type IV collagen deposition in the diabetic kidney. Simultaneously, AB38b or
resveratrol markedly lowered the level of Keap1, accompanied by evident activation of Nrf2 signaling in the diabetic kidney. The underlying mechanisms of
antioxidant effect of AB38b were explored in HG-treated mouse GMCs. AB38b (2.5-10 μM) or
resveratrol (10 μM) significantly alleviated OS and ECM accumulation in HG-treated GMCs. Furthermore, AB38b or
resveratrol treatment effectively activated Nrf2 signaling by inhibiting Keap1 expression without affecting the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2. Besides, AB38b treatment effectively suppressed the ubiquitination of Nrf2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that AB38b ameliorates experimental DN through antioxidation and modulation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.