Polycystic ovary syndrome is the classic example of loss of functional cyclicity and anomalous feedback. In this case, the excessive extra-glandular production and conversion of
androgens to
estrogens are the pathophysiological basis of the chronic
anovulation. The literature describes an experimental model of the polymicrocystic ovary in obese diabetic mice with
insulin resistance. The fact that these animals exhibit
obesity,
insulin resistance, and
infertility demonstrates their skill as an experimental model for polycystic ovary. A recent study using long protocol for up to 40 weeks showed that anovulatory and obese mice transplanted with adipose tissue from animals with normal weight have multiple changes in their phenotype. These changes include reduction of
body weight, prevention of
obesity,
insulin level normalization, and
insulin tolerance tests, preventing the elevation of
steroids and especially the reversal of fertility restoration with
anovulation. Considering that there are close relationships between the ovulation process and the central nervous system, we propose to evaluate the gene expression levels of 84 different genes involved in neurotransmission and
insulin pathways in addition to examining the neurolipidosis differential murine brain before and after reversal of
anovulation. The present study showed changes in gene expression of molecular markers in brain tissue of animals for brain neurotransmission pathways as well as pathways for
insulin. GABAergic genes,
muscarinic,
serotonin receptors,
receptor tyrosine kinase, and genes of
interleukin 6 showed overexpression profile. There was also a change in the
lipid content in anovulatory brain,
obesity, and
insulin resistant mice (Ob-/Ob-) compared with controls. The re-introduction of
leptin in these animals appears to reverse, at least in part, this profile.