Myotoxicity

Damage to the muscle or its function secondary to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.

Also Known As:

Drug Associated Myopathy; Drug Induced Myopathy; Drug Related Myopathy; Induced Myopathy, Drug; Myalgia Arthralgia Syndrome; Myalgia-Arthralgia Syndromes; Myopathies, Drug Related; Myopathy, Drug Associated; Myopathy, Drug Induced; Myopathy, Drug Related; Myopathy, Toxic; Myotoxicities; Related Myopathies, Drug; Related Myopathy, Drug; Toxic Myopathy; Drug Associated Myopathies; Drug Induced Myopathies; Drug Related Myopathies; Myalgia-Arthralgia Syndrome; Toxic Myopathies

Networked: 877 relevant articles (27 outcomes, 97 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cardiovascular Diseases (Cardiovascular Disease)
2.	Muscular Diseases (Myopathy)
3.	Hemolysis
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Hypercholesterolemia

Experts

1.	Lomonte, Bruno: 24 articles (03/2022 - 12/2002)
2.	Isbister, Geoffrey K: 23 articles (01/2023 - 12/2004)
3.	Gutiérrez, José María: 22 articles (03/2022 - 03/2002)
4.	Hodgson, Wayne C: 17 articles (03/2024 - 01/2003)
5.	Kohane, Daniel S: 12 articles (01/2023 - 03/2002)
6.	Melo, Paulo A: 12 articles (12/2022 - 08/2002)
7.	Soares, Andreimar M: 12 articles (08/2021 - 06/2002)
8.	Fontes, Marcos R M: 10 articles (08/2021 - 12/2007)
9.	Rodrigues-Simioni, Léa: 10 articles (06/2017 - 06/2002)
10.	Calvete, Juan J: 9 articles (12/2022 - 10/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Myotoxicity:

1.	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)IBA 12/01/2005 - "The statins are highly efficacious; however, not all patients are able to tolerate the higher doses of these medications due to adverse side-effects such as hepatoxicity and myotoxicity. " 05/01/2016 - "However, statin-related myotoxicity is probably underestimated because there is not a gold standard definition, and its diagnosis is challenging. " 04/04/2024 - "Our study represents the inaugural comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms underlying statin-induced myotoxicity. " 12/03/2023 - "Functional SLCO1B1 variants that are rare in these study populations have not been investigated as a determinant of statin myotoxicity and are thus missing from guideline inclusion. " 02/19/2021 - "In fact, many studies have been performed at preclinical and clinical level to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications of statin myotoxicity. "
2.	VenomsIBA 02/01/2010 - "venom injection, afforded significant protection against myotoxicity, especially in the case of B. " 07/01/2014 - "The study shows the delayed relationship between venom absorption and the rise in CK, consistent with the delayed onset of myotoxicity in human envenoming. " 12/01/2016 - "A quantitative histological study was carried out to observe a possible protection of TE against the venom myotoxicity. " 03/01/2016 - "Although myotoxicity has been detected in experimental studies with Micrurus spp. venoms, few human reports described laboratory findings compatible with myotoxicity. " 09/01/2004 - "In this study, we compared the neuromuscular activities (myotoxicity and neurotoxicity) of venoms from several Brazilian species of Bothrops (B. "
3.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 02/25/2021 - "Consideration of Sex as a Biological Variable in the Development of Doxorubicin Myotoxicity and the Efficacy of Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention." 06/30/2020 - "Protective effects of endurance exercise on skeletal muscle remodeling against doxorubicin-induced myotoxicity in mice." 12/20/2019 - "Studies investigating doxorubicin-induced myotoxicity have reported disrupted mitochondrial function. " 12/01/2022 - "In the first part, we discuss current data and mechanistic details on the impact of doxorubicin on skeletal myotoxicity. " 12/01/2022 - "Intensive research has focused on strategies to alleviate the doxorubicin-induced skeletal myotoxicity. "
4.	Antivenins (Antivenoms)IBA 12/01/2016 - "This study aimed to investigate evidence of myotoxicity in Russell's viper envenoming, response to antivenom and the toxins responsible for myotoxicity. " 07/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to develop an in vivo model of myotoxicity to investigate the time course of myotoxicity and the effect of antivenom. " 06/01/2013 - "This study supports a dose of one vial of antivenom, given as soon as a systemic envenoming is identified, rather than waiting for the development of myotoxicity." 01/01/2022 - "The effect of antivenoms on already initiated myotoxicity was comparable to physical removal of the toxins by washing the bath at similar time points, indicating that the action of the antivenoms on myotoxicity is likely to be due to trapping the toxins or steric hindrance within the circulation, not allowing the toxins to reach target sites in muscles." 01/01/2021 - "Early antivenom administration reduces the incidence of myotoxicity. "
5.	bothropstoxinIBA 09/01/2017 - "Conclusion: V. haenkeana extract which has no antimicrobial activity exhibited neutralizing ability against the neuromuscular blockade caused by BthTX-I and also contributed to decrease its myotoxicity. " 06/01/2002 - "Preincubating BthTX-I with Mn(2+) (1.0mM) reduced mouse paw edema by 70% and myotoxicity by 60% in mice injected i.m. " 06/01/2002 - "Mn(2+) (50 microl of a 1mM solution) administered within 1min at the site of toxin injection was still but less effective in antagonising BthTX-I-induced myotoxicity. " 09/01/2017 - "VhE abolished the neuromuscular blockade caused by BthTX-I applying the pre-toxin incubation treatment and partially neutralized the BthTX-I action under post-toxin incubation treatment; VhE contributed slightly to decrease the myotoxicity induced by BthTX-I. The neutralizing mechanism of VhE may be related to protein aggregation. " 01/01/2017 - "Bothropstoxin-I (BthTx-I) is a Lys49-phospholipase A2 (Lys49-PLA2) from the venom of Bothrops jararacussu, which despite of the lack of catalytic activity induces myotoxicity, inflammation and pain. "
6.	NeurotoxinsIBA 01/01/2013 - "Our studies on local and systemic myotoxicity "in vivo" reveal that Bleu TX-III is myotoxin with local but not systemic action due to the decrease in the plasmatic CK levels when Bleu TX-III is administrated by intravenous route in mice (dose 1 and 5 μg). " 10/01/2014 - "As a result, rBaltMIP was able to significantly inhibit the myotoxicity of Lys49 myotoxins. " 01/01/2011 - "DRHyal-II was non-toxic by itself but, it potentiated the myotoxicity of VRV-PL-VIII myotoxin and hemorrhagic activity of hemorrhagic complex (HC). " 09/01/2003 - "contortrix laticinctus Lys49 myotoxins exerted both cytotoxicity and myotoxicity. " 03/01/2013 - "Myotoxicity, one of the most relevant local manifestations in envenomation by Bothrops genus, may result from a direct action of myotoxins or be due to an indirect vascular degeneration and ischemia. "
7.	Atorvastatin (Lipitor)FDA Link 01/01/2020 - "Atorvastatin (ATV) is frequently prescribed and generally well tolerated, but can lead to myotoxicity, especially at higher doses. " 02/01/2024 - "Atorvastatin-associated myotoxicity: A toxicokinetic review of pharmacogenetic associations to evaluate the feasibility of precision pharmacotherapy." 10/01/2001 - "A case of atorvastatin combined toxic myopathy and inflammatory myositis." 12/01/2016 - "Co-administration of curcumin with sub-chronic use of atorvastatin led to an improvement in myotoxicity manifestations." 01/01/2016 - "Statin-induced myotoxicity is exacerbated by aging: A biophysical and molecular biology study in rats treated with atorvastatin."
8.	Simvastatin (Zocor)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2017 - "The study gives insight into mechanisms of simvastatin-associated myotoxicity and provides potential targets for therapeutic intervention." 01/01/2021 - "To validate the drug response phenotype, we replicated the previously established association between rs4149056 genotype and simvastatin-induced myotoxicity. " 01/01/2021 - "The association between the c.521T>C variant allele in SLCO1B1 (reference single nucleotide polymorphism (rs)4149056) and simvastatin-induced myotoxicity was discovered over a decade ago; however, whether this relationship represents a class effect is still not fully known. " 03/27/2020 - "Therefore, LPA might have potential as a bioactive molecule to protect muscles against simvastatin-induced myotoxicity." 01/01/2020 - "Simvastatin impairs skeletal muscle function, muscle oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial morphology preferentially in WT and KO mice, whereas OE mice appear to be protected, suggesting a role of PGC-1α in preventing simvastatin-associated myotoxicity."
9.	Fibric Acids (Fibrates)IBA 03/15/2009 - "Few studies have investigated the mechanism of fibrate-induced myotoxicity in vivo. " 11/01/2001 - "Fibric acid derivatives can produce myotoxicity, and the association of both types of drugs increases the risk of this adverse event. " 02/01/2022 - "Supplementation with GGPP may be therapeutically beneficial for preventing myotoxicity associated with combined statin and fibrates treatment." 02/01/2022 - "Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying induced myotoxicity in rat myoblasts L6 and differentiated L6 cells (myotubes) using a combination of statins and fibrates. " 02/01/2022 - "The mechanism underlying myotoxicity induced by the combination of statins and fibrates is yet unclear. "
10.	CholesterolIBA 07/01/1997 - "The objective of the present study was to determine the role of inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in HMGRI-induced in vitro myotoxicity. " 10/01/2000 - "Two major entities continue to be controversial in the field of clinical myotoxicity: the various myopathies that are induced by the cholesterol-lowering agents and the acute quadriplegic myopathy of intensive care. " 01/01/2018 - "These results point to GGOH as the principal target of statin-dependent myotoxicity, whereas plasma membrane cholesterol deposit is ultimately essential to restore viability of MβCD-treated myocytes. " 02/01/2008 - "In our guinea pig model, both cerivastatin and BMS-423526 induced myotoxicity at doses near the ED(50) for total cholesterol (TC) lowering in plasma. " 02/01/2008 - "In this report, we describe the guinea pig as a model of statin-induced cholesterol lowering and myotoxicity and show that this model can distinguish statins with unacceptable myotoxicity profiles from statins with acceptable safety profiles. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2017 - "Local myotoxicity in accidents involving snakes from the Bothrops genus is still a consequence of serum therapy inefficient neutralization that may lead to permanent sequelae in their victims. " 12/01/2009 - "Practitioners should be aware of these possible risks and individualize therapy to limit myotoxicity." 06/01/1993 - "The risk of developing a toxic myopathy will therefore have to be considered when evaluating long-term effects of AZT therapy." 07/01/2024 - "Myotoxicity caused by snakebite envenoming emerges as one of the main problems of ophidic accidents as it is not well neutralized by the current serum therapy. " 11/01/2023 - "Adverse effects of systemic cancer therapy on skeletal muscle: myotoxicity comes out of the closet: Erratum."
2.	Injections 01/05/2001 - "Myotoxicity studies of injectable biodegradable in-situ forming drug delivery systems." 04/01/1980 - "The muscles that had been given injections were examined histologically for evidence of myotoxicity at 0 to 7 and 20 days after the last injection. " 07/01/2014 - "Myotoxicity of injections for acute muscle injuries: a systematic review." 01/01/2000 - "The myotoxicity of the injectable gelling solutions was assessed by the cumulative release of creatine kinase (CK) over 120 min from the isolated rodent extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle. " 04/01/1980 - "Myotoxicity of single and repeated injections of mepivacaine (Carbocaine) in the rat."
3.	Intramuscular Injections 01/01/2014 - "In addition, it was demonstrated that NFκB inhibition leads to a significant reduction in the myotoxicity induced by intramuscular injection of CpPLC in mice. " 05/01/2008 - "Area under the CK plasma curve from Sprague-Dawley rats was used to evaluate the in vivo myotoxicity following an intramuscular injection of the formulations. " 02/01/2006 - "Ropivacaine myotoxicity after single intramuscular injection in rats." 09/01/1989 - "These results suggest that polyethylene glycol 400 in mixed cosolvent systems might have a protective effect on the myotoxicity generated by intramuscular injections." 01/01/1988 - "We recommend the following criteria for the assay of myotoxicity of new drugs being developed as pharmaceutical agents: 1) serum creatine kinase level 1 hour after intramuscular injection of the drug; 2) microscopic findings at 3, 7, and 21 days; 3) the cross-sectional area of the lesion at 3 days; and 4) the weight of the muscle at 7 and 21 days."
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/01/2023 - "Toxic myopathy is often reversible once the drug is discontinued, alternative drug therapy is started or a different dosage regimen is chosen. " 06/30/2020 - "EXE postconditioning provides protective effects against chronic DOX-induced myotoxicity, and should be recommended to alleviate cancer chemotherapy-induced late-onset myotoxicity." 01/01/2023 - "However, chronic DOX chemotherapy can cause myotoxicity and muscle atrophy. " 02/01/2006 - "Chemotherapy negatively affects physical functioning and recovery in elders with cancer through neurotoxicity and myotoxicity. " 02/01/2024 - "Atorvastatin-associated myotoxicity: A toxicokinetic review of pharmacogenetic associations to evaluate the feasibility of precision pharmacotherapy."
5.	Oral Administration 01/01/2023 - "The present study aims to formulate SV microsponges that have the potential to minimize the myotoxicity accompanying the oral administration of the drug. " 11/01/2018 - "We first conducted the pharmacokinetic studies in HFD mice following oral administration of Lv (10 mg/kg, i.g.) and found that HFD remarkably decreased the active form of Lv (the lovastatin acid, LvA) exposure in the circulation system, especially in the targeting organ liver, with a declined conversion from Lv to LvA, whereas the Lv (responsible for myotoxicity) exposure in muscle markedly increased. "