Preliminary evaluation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides bound to gelatine nanoparticles as immunotherapy for canine atopic dermatitis.

Abstract

Cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) are a promising new immunotherapeutic treatment option for canine atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of this uncontrolled pilot study was to evaluate clinical and immunological effects of gelatine nanoparticle (GNP)-bound CpG ODN (CpG GNP) on atopic dogs. Eighteen dogs with AD were treated for 8 weeks (group 1, n=8) or 18 weeks (group 2, n=10). Before inclusion and after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks (group 1+2), 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks (group 2) 75 µg CpG ODN/dog (bound to 1.5 mg GNP) were injected subcutaneously. Pruritus was evaluated daily by the owner. Lesions were evaluated and serum concentrations and mRNA expressions of interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin (IL) 10 and IL-4 (only mRNA expression) were determined at inclusion and after 8 weeks (group 1+2) and 18 weeks (group 2). Lesions and pruritus improved significantly from baseline to week 8. Mean improvements from baseline to week 18 were 23 per cent and 44 per cent for lesions and pruritus, respectively, an improvement of ≥50 per cent was seen in six out of nine and three out of six dogs, respectively. IL-4 mRNA expression decreased significantly. The results of this study show a clinical improvement of canine AD with CpG GNP comparable to allergen immunotherapy. Controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• Authors: I Wagner, K J Geh, M Hubert, G Winter, K Weber, J Classen, C Klinger, R S Mueller
• Journal: The Veterinary record (Vet Rec) Vol. 181 Issue 5 Pg. 118 (Jul 29 2017) ISSN: 2042-7670 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 28526774 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article)
• Copyright: British Veterinary Association.

Chemical References

• CPG-oligonucleotide
• Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
• Gelatin

Topics

• Animals
• Dermatitis, Atopic (therapy, veterinary)
• Dog Diseases (therapy)
• Dogs
• Female
• Gelatin (chemistry)
• Immunotherapy (methods, veterinary)
• Male
• Nanoparticles
• Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (therapeutic use)
• Pilot Projects
• Pruritus (prevention & control, veterinary)
• Treatment Outcome