The mechanisms of metabolic improvements after
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery are not entirely clear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the role of
obesity and RYGB on the human skeletal muscle
proteome. Basal muscle biopsies were obtained from seven obese (BMI >40 kg/m(2)) female subjects (45.1 ± 3.6 years) pre- and 3 months post-RYGB, and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps were used to assess
insulin sensitivity. Four age-matched (48.5 ± 4.7 years) lean (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) females served as control subjects. We performed quantitative mass spectrometry and microarray analyses on
protein and
RNA isolated from the muscle biopsies. Significant improvements in fasting plasma
glucose (104.2 ± 7.8 vs. 86.7 ± 3.1 mg/dL) and BMI (42.1 ± 2.2 vs. 35.3 ± 1.8 kg/m(2)) were demonstrated in the pre- versus post-RYGB, both P < 0.05. Proteomic analysis identified 2,877 quantifiable
proteins. Of these, 395
proteins were significantly altered in
obesity before surgery, and 280
proteins differed significantly post-RYGB. Post-RYGB, 49
proteins were returned to normal levels after surgery. KEGG pathway analysis revealed a decreased abundance in ribosomal and oxidative phosphorylation
proteins in
obesity, and a normalization of
ribosomal proteins post-RYGB. The transcriptomic data confirmed the normalization of the
ribosomal proteins. Our results provide evidence that
obesity and RYGB have a dynamic effect on the skeletal muscle
proteome.