Abstract |
Chlorotoxin (CTX) is a 36-amino acid peptide derived from Leiurus quinquestriatus ( scorpion) venom, which inhibits low-conductance chloride channels in colonic epithelial cells. It has been reported that CTX also binds to matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), membrane type-1 MMP, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, as well as CLC-3 chloride ion channels and other proteins. Pancreatic cancer cells require the activation of MMP-2 during invasion and migration. In this study, the fusion protein was generated by joining the CTX peptide to the amino terminus of the human IgG-Fc domain without a hinge domain, the monomeric form of chlorotoxin (M-CTX-Fc). The resulting fusion protein was then used to target pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) in vitro. M-CTX-Fc decreased MMP-2 release into the media of PANC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. M-CTX-Fc internalization into PANC-1 cells was observed. When the cells were treated with chlorpromazine (CPZ), the internalization of the fusion protein was reduced, implicating a clathrin-dependent internalization mechanism of M-CTX-Fc in PANC-1 cells. Furthermore, M-CTX-Fc clearly exhibited the inhibition of the migration depending on the concentration, but human IgG, as negative control of Fc, was not affected. The M-CTX-Fc may be an effective instrument for targeting pancreatic cancer.
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Authors | Samah El-Ghlban, Tomonari Kasai, Tsukasa Shigehiro, Hong Xia Yin, Sreeja Sekhar, Mikiko Ida, Anna Sanchez, Akifumi Mizutani, Takayuki Kudoh, Hiroshi Murakami, Masaharu Seno |
Journal | BioMed research international
(Biomed Res Int)
Vol. 2014
Pg. 152659
( 2014)
ISSN: 2314-6141 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 24511528
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Chloride Channels
- ClC-3 channel
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments
- Immunoglobulin G
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins
- Scorpion Venoms
- Chlorotoxin
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
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Topics |
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chloride Channels
(biosynthesis, genetics)
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
(genetics, immunology)
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments
(genetics, immunology)
- Immunoglobulin G
(genetics, immunology)
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
(biosynthesis, drug effects)
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
(drug therapy, genetics, pathology)
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins
(genetics, immunology)
- Scorpion Venoms
(administration & dosage, chemistry)
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