[Susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2004)].

Abstract

From October 2004 to September 2005, we collected the specimen from 319 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 12 institutions in Japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. Of 383 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in inflammation, 381 strains were examined. The breakdown of the isolated bacteria were: Staphylococcus aureus 87, Streptococcus pneumoniae 80, Haemophilus influenzae 78, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (non-mucoid) 35, P. aeruginosa (mucoid) 9, Klebsiella pneumoniae 15, Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis 30, etc. Of 87 S. aureus strains, those with 2 microg/mL or less of MIC of oxacillin (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus: MSSA) and those with 4 microg/mL or more of MIC of oxacillin (methicillin-resistant S. aureus: MRSA) were 40 (46.0%) and 47 (54.0%) strains, respectively. Against MSSA, imipenem had the most potent antibacterial activity and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 0.063 microg/mL. Against MRSA, vancomycin showed the most potent activity and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 1 microg/mL. Arbekacin (ABK) also showed the potent activity and its MIC90 was 2 microg/mL. Carbapenems showed the most potent activities against S. pneumoniae and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 0.25-0.5 microg/mL. Cefozopran (CZOP) also had a preferable activity (MIC90: 1 microg/mL) and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 2 microg/mL. In contrast, there were high-resistant strains (MIC: 128 microg/mL or more) for ABK (2.5%), erythromycin (37.5%), and clindamycin (38.8%). Against H. influenzae, levofloxacin showed the most potent activity and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 0.125 microg/mL. Meropenem showed the most potent activity against P. aeruginosa (mucoid) and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 2 microg/mL. Against P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid), amikacin (AMK) had the most potent activity and its MIC90 was 4 microg/mL. The activity of CZOP against the non-mucoid type also was preferable and its MIC90 was 8 microg/mL. Against K. pneumoniae, CZOP, cefmenoxime, cefpirome, flomoxef were the most potent activity and inhibited the growth of all the strains at 0.063 microg/mL. Also, all the agents generally showed a potent activity against M. (B.) catarrhalis and the MIC90 of them were 4 microg/mL or less. The approximately half the number (57.0%) of the patients with respiratory infection were aged 70 years or older. Bacterial pneumonia and chronic bronchitis accounted for 50.8% and 23.8% of all the respiratory infection, respectively. The bacteria frequently isolated from the patients with bacterial pneumonia were S. aureus (21.6%), S. pneumoniae (24.7%) and H. influenzae (20.1%). S. aureus (20.9%), S. pneumoniae (16.1%), and H. influenzae (16.1%) also were relatively frequently isolated from the patients with chronic bronchitis. Before the drug administration, the bacteria frequently isolated from the patients were S. pneumoniae (22.3%) and H. influenzae (25.1%). The bacteria relatively frequently isolated from the patients treated with macrolides were P. aeruginosa and the isolation frequency was 43.5%.

• Authors: Hajime Goto, Hideki Takeda, Shin Kawai, Takashi Watanabe, Mitsuhiro Okazaki, Kaoru Shimada, Kunio Nakano, Hiroshi Yokouchi, Hideo Ikemoto, Takeshi Mori, Jun Igari, Toyoko Oguri, Makoto Yamamoto, Hiroshi Inoue, Toshihide Nakadate, Akira Suwabe, Yugo Ashino, Fumitake Gejyo, Masahiko Okada, Nobuki Aoki, Nobuko Kitamura, Yasutoshi Suzuki, Yasuo Karasawa, Koichiro Kudo, Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Tsukasa Tanaka, Midori Sumitomo, Toshiharu Matsushima, Mikio Oka, Yoshihiko Niki, Moritaka Suga, Masakazu Tosaka, Shigeru Kohno, Yoichi Hirakata, Akira Kondou, Junichi Matsuda, Michiko Nakano, Masaru Nasu, Kazufumi Hiramatsu, Satoru Oikawa
• Journal: The Japanese journal of antibiotics (Jpn J Antibiot) Vol. 59 Issue 5 Pg. 323-54 (Oct 2006) ISSN: 0368-2781 [Print] Japan
• PMID: 17180803 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Topics

• Aged
• Bacteria (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Bronchial Diseases (microbiology)
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial
• Haemophilus influenzae (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Humans
• Klebsiella pneumoniae (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Lung Diseases (microbiology)
• Moraxella catarrhalis (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Staphylococcus aureus (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (drug effects, isolation & purification)