Abstract |
In murine systems, the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) is a potent immunomodulator capable of suppressing Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases. This results from its ability to bind cell surface receptors, principally GM1-ganglioside, and as a consequence down-regulate the pathological T helper type 1 (Th1) response. The capacity of EtxB to alter human T-cell responses has not been investigated. Here we show that EtxB, but not the receptor non-binding mutant EtxB (G33D), triggers the release of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha) by human monocytes. The production of IL-8, transforming growth factor-beta ( TGF-beta) or IL-12 was not enhanced by EtxB. Indeed, EtxB was shown to inhibit IL-12 secretion in monocytes stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by an IL-10-independent mechanism. When EtxB-treated monocytes were used as antigen presenting cells in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), IL-10 and IFN-gamma production were increased in comparison to levels seen in cultures stimulated with untreated monocytes; proliferation was unaltered. This modulation of the T-cell response was not only evident in the primary MLR triggered by EtxB-treated monocytes, but also upon restimulation of the responding T cells with fresh untreated monocytes; indicating that presentation by EtxB-treated monocytes leads to altered T-cell differentiation. Sorting experiments showed that IL-10 secreting T cells from the MLR cultures were strong suppressors of T-cell proliferation following their addition into a fresh primary MLR.
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Authors | Victor Turcanu, Timothy R Hirst, Neil A Williams |
Journal | Immunology
(Immunology)
Vol. 106
Issue 3
Pg. 316-25
(Jul 2002)
ISSN: 0019-2805 [Print] England |
PMID | 12100719
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Bacterial Toxins
- Cytokines
- Enterotoxins
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Interleukin-6
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-12
- heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli
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Topics |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Bacterial Toxins
(immunology)
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Division
(immunology)
- Cytokines
(biosynthesis)
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Enterotoxins
(immunology)
- Escherichia coli
(immunology)
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Humans
- Interleukin-10
(biosynthesis, immunology)
- Interleukin-12
(biosynthesis)
- Interleukin-6
(biosynthesis)
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Monocytes
(immunology)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(biosynthesis)
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