Abstract | ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: AIM OF STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and underlying mechanism of LHQW on influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (PR8) secondary methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. METHODS: The anti-adhesion activity of LHQW against PR8-induced MRSA infection was assessed in human lung epithelial (A549) cells and the effect of LHQW on the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was detected. Also, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in PR8-infected A549 cells were determined. The body weight change, survivals, viral titers, colonies and the pathological parameters after LHQW treatment in severe pneumonia model have all been systematically determined. RESULTS: LHQW significantly reduced the adhesion of MRSA to PR8-infected A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing the up-regulation of bacterial receptors. LHQW also markedly declined the overexpression of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α induced by LPS stimulated-A549 cells following influenza virus infection. Furthermore, the abnormal changes of lung index in dual- infection mice were relieved after administered with LHQW in preventive and therapeutic mode, but with no significantly difference (P > 0.05). LHQW could not effectively improve survival rate or prolong the survival time of mice (P > 0.05). LHQW (1000 mg/kg/d) administered prophylactically significantly decreased the lung viral titers (P < 0.05), slightly downregulated IL-6 but TNF-α, IL-1β levels and improved lung pathological inflammation including neutrophil infiltration, necrosis, which is consistent with the expression of inflammatory factors. CONCLUSIONS: LHQW inhibited influenza-induced bacterial adhesion by down-regulating the adhesion molecules with the improvement trend on severe pneumonia, indicating that it can be used as an adjuvant medication in severe viral- bacterial pneumonia therapy rather than as a single medication.
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Authors | Qiuling Du, Wenbo Huang, Jin Zhao, Jun Zeng, Wenjie Zhang, Xiaodong Huang, Ruifeng Chen, Haiming Jiang, Yuqi Xie, Yutao Wang, Nanshan Zhong, Xinhua Wang, Zifeng Yang |
Journal | Journal of ethnopharmacology
(J Ethnopharmacol)
Vol. 280
Pg. 114128
(Nov 15 2021)
ISSN: 1872-7573 [Electronic] Ireland |
PMID | 33872750
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal
- lianhuaqingwen
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Topics |
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- Bacterial Adhesion
(drug effects)
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
(metabolism)
- Dogs
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Down-Regulation
(drug effects)
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
- Epithelial Cells
(drug effects, microbiology)
- Female
- Humans
- Influenza A virus
(drug effects)
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Pneumonia, Bacterial
(prevention & control, virology)
- Survival Rate
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