Abstract | BACKGROUND: While Iran is on the path to eliminating malaria, the disease with 4.9 million estimated cases and 9300 estimated deaths in 2018 remains a serious health problem in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region. Anopheles stephensi is the main malaria vector in Iran and its range extends from Iraq to western China. Recently, the vector invaded new territories in Sri Lanka and countries in the Horn of Africa. Insecticide resistance in An. stephensi is a potential issue in controlling the spread of this vector. METHODS: Data were collated from national and international databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SID, and IranMedex using appropriate search terms. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Anopheles stephensi is a major malaria vector in Iran and many countries in the region and beyond. The species is leading in terms of development of insecticide resistance as well as developing a variety of resistance mechanisms. Knowledge of the evolution of insecticide resistance and their underlying mechanisms, in particular, are important to Iran, considering the final steps the country is taking towards malaria elimination, but also to other countries in the region for their battle against malaria. This systematic review may also be of value to countries and territories newly invaded by this species, especially in the Horn of Africa, where the malaria situation is already dire.
|
Authors | Ahmadali Enayati, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Morteza Zaim, Janet Hemingway |
Journal | Malaria journal
(Malar J)
Vol. 19
Issue 1
Pg. 258
(Jul 17 2020)
ISSN: 1475-2875 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 32680514
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Systematic Review)
|
Chemical References |
|
Topics |
- Africa, Northern
- Animals
- Anopheles
(drug effects, genetics)
- Asia
- Biological Evolution
- Evolution, Molecular
- Insecticide Resistance
(genetics)
- Insecticides
(pharmacology)
- Middle East
|