Diagnostic and prognostic value of the cancer-testis antigen lactate dehydrogenase C4 in breast cancer.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) as a cancer/testis antigen (CTA) is abnormally expressed in some malignant tumors. However, the expression and clinical significance of LDH-C4 in breast cancer (BC) has not been characterized.

METHODS:

We determined LDHC mRNA expression in serum and serum-derived exosomes of BC patients by quantitative RT-PCR. We also evaluated the protein expression of LDH-C4 in BC tissues using high-throughput tissue microarray analysis and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS:

Our results showed high mRNA expression level of LDHC in serum and serum-derived exosomes of BC patients. The LDHC level in serum and exosomes could distinguish BC cases from healthy individuals based on their AUCs of 0.9587 and 0.9464, respectively. Besides, the LDHC level in exosomes of BC patients associated with tumor size, and positively correlated with HER2 and Ki-67 expressions (all with P < 0.05). Serum and exosomal level of LDHC negatively correlated with medical treatment and positively with the recurrence of BC. Survival analysis showed that LDH-C4 expression negatively correlated with BC prognosis.

CONCLUSION:

Serum and exosomal LDHC may be an effective indicator for the diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and monitoring the recurrence of BC. LDH-C4 may act as a biomarker that predicts BC prognosis.

• Authors: Zhaolei Cui, Yansong Chen, Minhua Hu, Yingfeng Lin, Shuyu Zhang, Lingying Kong, Yan Chen
• Journal: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry (Clin Chim Acta) Vol. 503 Pg. 203-209 (Apr 2020) ISSN: 1873-3492 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 31794764 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Isoenzymes
• RNA, Messenger
• L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
• lactate dehydrogenase C4

Topics

• Adult
• Area Under Curve
• Biomarkers, Tumor (blood)
• Breast Neoplasms (diagnosis, enzymology, mortality)
• Case-Control Studies
• Exosomes (enzymology)
• Female
• Humans
• Isoenzymes (analysis, blood, genetics)
• L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (analysis, blood, genetics)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prognosis
• RNA, Messenger (blood)
• Recurrence
• Survival Analysis
• Treatment Outcome