The risk factors related to
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients complicated with
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (
NAFLD) were investigated. A total of 188 PCOS patients treated in
Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital (Dongying, China) from February 2014 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed as PCOS group, and PCOS group was further divided into
NAFLD group and non-
NAFLD (N-
NAFLD) group according to the liver B ultrasound. In the same time-period, 65 healthy people were selected as normal control group. The differences of clinical, biochemical and metabolic indexes were compared. The levels of
luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
testosterone (T), free
androgen index (FAI), fasting
insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of
insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index in PCOS group were higher than those in normal control group, but the
sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) level was lower than that in normal control group (P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in comparisons of age, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), FSH,
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAs) and fasting
blood glucose (FBG) between the two groups (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of
NAFLD in PCOS group (44.68%) was significantly higher than that in control group (24.62%) (P<0.05). The proportion of
NAFLD in PCOS patients in
obesity group (63.51%) was significantly higher than that in non-
obesity group (15.79%) (P<0.05). In PCOS group,
NAFLD patients had more obvious metabolic abnormalities [high BMI, WHR, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR index, total
cholesterol (TC) and
triglyceride (TG), and low
high-density lipoprotein HDL and SHBG] and
androgen excess compared with those in N-
NAFLD patients (P<0.05). The levels of LH, LH/FSH, FINS and HOMA-IR index in PCOS group complicated with
NAFLD were higher than those in control group complicated with
NAFLD (P<0.05), but the differences in age, BMI, WHR, FSH and FBG levels were not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). HOMA-IR index, BMI, WHR and TG were independent risk factors for PCOS complicated with
NAFLD (P<0.05).