Abstract |
Cancer cachexia is characterized by anorexia, skeletal muscle atrophy, and systemic inflammation. Fucoidan extracted from brown algae exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, whether fucoidan ameliorates tumour and chemotherapy-induced muscle atrophy and -related cachectic symptoms remains unknown. Compared with mice with bladder cancer treated with chemotherapy alone (TGC group), those treated with a combination of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) and chemotherapy drugs such as gemcitabine and cisplatin (TGCF) showed a significant reduction of body weight loss, muscle atrophy, and intestinal injury and dysfunction. Moreover, myostatin, activin A, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, FoxO3 expression and activation, NF-κB activation, MuRF-1 and MAFbx/atrogin-1 expression, and proteasome activity in muscle were significantly decreased in the TGCF group compared with the TGC group. In addition, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) expression and formation, and IGF-1-regulated mTOR/ p70S6k/4EBP-1 protein synthesis signalling were elevated in the TGCF group compared with the TGC group. Taken together, these results suggest that LMWF is a potential agent for preventing cancer cachexia-associated muscle atrophy during chemotherapy. Furthermore, the beneficial effect of LMWF may be attributed to suppressing NF-κB-evoked inflammation, myostatin and activin A production, and subsequent muscle proteolysis, and enhancing IGF-1-dependent protein synthesis.
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Authors | Meng-Chuan Chen, Wen-Lin Hsu, Pa-An Hwang, Yen-Lin Chen, Tz-Chong Chou |
Journal | Oncotarget
(Oncotarget)
Vol. 7
Issue 32
Pg. 51608-51618
(08 09 2016)
ISSN: 1949-2553 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 27323407
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Cachexia
(chemically induced, drug therapy)
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Muscle, Skeletal
(drug effects, pathology)
- Muscular Atrophy
(chemically induced, drug therapy)
- Polysaccharides
(administration & dosage)
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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