Essential oil of Zygophyllum album inhibits key-digestive enzymes related to diabetes and hypertension and attenuates symptoms of diarrhea in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Zygophyllum album L. (Zygophyllaceae), commonly known as Bougriba, is widely used to treat diabetes, digestive tract spasm, and hypertension in folk medicine, in Tunisia.

OBJECTIVE:

This study investigates the antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, and antihypertensive activities of the leaves of the essential oil from Zygophyllum album (OZA) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. Males rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic-untreated group, diabetic-treated group with acarbose (10 mg/kg), and diabetic-treated rats with OZA (200 mg/kg) for 30 d.

RESULTS:

At the end of the experimental period, the OZA significantly decreased the activity of α-amylase in pancreas and serum of the diabetic rats by 43% and 38%, respectively, which led to reduce the serum glucose level by 60% and lower of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) rate by 17% as compared with untreated diabetic animals. Moreover, the OZA treatment attenuated symptoms of diarrhea, improved lipid disorders, and hypertension through inhibiting the pancreatic lipase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities by 47% and 25%, respectively, in serum of diabetic rats.

CONCLUSION:

OZA showed a good effect in the management of diabetes mellitus and exerted preventive action from related hypertension.

• Authors: Kais Mnafgui, Mouna Kchaou, Hichem Ben Salah, Raouf Hajji, Gaddour Khabbabi, Abdelfattah Elfeki, Noureddine Allouche, Neji Gharsallah
• Journal: Pharmaceutical biology (Pharm Biol) Vol. 54 Issue 8 Pg. 1326-33 (Aug 2016) ISSN: 1744-5116 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 26439719 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
• Antidiarrheals
• Antihypertensive Agents
• Blood Glucose
• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Oils, Volatile
• Plant Oils
• Alloxan
• alpha-Amylases

Topics

• Alloxan
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• Animals
• Antidiarrheals (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Antihypertensive Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Blood Glucose (drug effects, metabolism)
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• Chromatography, Liquid
• Diabetes Complications (blood, enzymology, prevention & control)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (blood, chemically induced, drug therapy, enzymology)
• Digestion (drug effects)
• Enzyme Inhibitors (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
• Glycated Hemoglobin (metabolism)
• Hypoglycemic Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Male
• Oils, Volatile (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Pancreas (drug effects, enzymology)
• Phytotherapy
• Plant Leaves
• Plant Oils (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Plants, Medicinal
• Rats, Wistar
• Time Factors
• Zygophyllum (chemistry)
• alpha-Amylases (antagonists & inhibitors, blood)