Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme)

A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.

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Networked: 10643 relevant articles (587 outcomes, 1843 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Fonarow, Gregg C: 31 articles (11/2015 - 05/2002)
2.	Remuzzi, Giuseppe: 29 articles (09/2015 - 05/2002)
3.	Yusuf, Salim: 26 articles (03/2014 - 01/2002)
4.	Pfeffer, Marc A: 22 articles (06/2014 - 08/2003)
5.	Solomon, Scott D: 19 articles (10/2015 - 11/2003)
6.	Ruggenenti, Piero: 18 articles (01/2015 - 02/2003)
7.	Ferrari, Roberto: 18 articles (06/2013 - 03/2002)
8.	McMurray, John J V: 16 articles (10/2015 - 09/2003)
9.	Aronow, Wilbert S: 16 articles (01/2015 - 06/2002)
10.	Sica, Domenic A: 16 articles (01/2007 - 05/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 05/01/2013 - "Hypertension control is important; a thiazide or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor might be the best first-line treatment. " 11/01/2003 - "Combination therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a diuretic has been shown to be highly effective in hypertension. " 01/01/2001 - "The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disease has long been recognized, and the interruption of this cascade with angiotensin-converting enzyme-I has been beneficial in the management of hypertension. " 12/19/1985 - "Long-term studies are needed to find out whether this angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is superior to a diuretic as initial treatment of arterial hypertension." 11/01/1989 - "These findings suggested that urinary excretion of GAA may be a more sensitive marker than AER, BMG or NAG in hypertension and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and Ca entry blocker can be useful in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension with renal damage."
2.	Heart Failure 01/01/2010 - "Pharmacological therapies like beta blockade and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition have proven beneficial in early stages of heart failure with pathological remodeling. " 12/01/2002 - "This is important since interventions that have been shown to improve mortality in patients with heart failure such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and beta-blockers had a favorable impact on the LV remodeling process. " 03/28/2008 - "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) is beneficial in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). " 01/01/2002 - "The overall high rates of adherence to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy observed among heart failure clinic patients is consistent with research that shows improved outcomes for patients managed in heart failure clinics. " 08/01/2000 - "Although inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) have improved the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF), mortality related to this disorder remains unacceptably high. "
3.	Proteinuria 11/01/2009 - "Proteinuria resolved completely following the initiation of a gluten-free diet, without the use of immunosuppressive therapy and despite tapering of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. " 07/01/2015 - "Initial therapy consisted of antihypertensive treatment including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) leading to blood pressure control and a significant reduction of proteinuria. " 04/27/1992 - "We have previously reported that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition in Munich Wistar Fromter/Ztm (MWF/Ztm) rats resulted in a significant reduction of proteinuria, in respect to untreated animals, and that treated animals were protected against the development of glomerular sclerotic lesions. " 07/01/2003 - "Remission of nephrotic range proteinuria has also been reported in some patients with type 1 diabetes from the Collaborative Study Group during a median follow-up of 3 years of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor administration; no deterioration of renal function was observed in these patients. " 04/01/2005 - "[Influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism on the anti-proteinuria efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in Han nationality of southern Sichuan province in China]."
4.	Myocardial Infarction 01/01/2015 - "In an animal model of acute myocardial infarction, administration of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor was associated with lower left ventricular (LV) CyPA concentration and improved LV performance. " 06/15/1999 - "Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition after myocardial infarction is associated with an improvement in plasma fibrinolytic parameters. " 07/01/1996 - "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition started in the subacute or late phase after myocardial infarction has been shown to improve prognosis. " 04/01/1994 - "Efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and AT1 receptor blockade on cardiac pump performance after myocardial infarction in rats." 02/01/2009 - "This study confirms the benefits of a high dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular risk among patients with a history of myocardial infarction and/or revascularization."
5.	Diabetic Nephropathies (Diabetic Nephropathy) 12/01/2010 - "A regimen using a maximally dosed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is safe and effective for achieving BP goal in high-risk, predominantly minority patients with diabetic nephropathy. " 03/01/1995 - "In patients with diabetic nephropathy, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition has been shown to be more effective in this regard than conventional antihypertensive therapy. " 09/07/1996 - "To evaluate the concept that an insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene predicts the therapeutic efficacy of inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme on progression of diabetic nephropathy. " 04/01/1992 - "Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition has shown promising results in diabetic nephropathy, but long-term results on survival are not available. " 01/01/2011 - "Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 overexpression ameliorates glomerular injury in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy: a comparison with ACE inhibition."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)
2.	Captopril (Capoten)
3.	Enalapril
4.	Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
5.	Angiotensin II
6.	Angiotensin Receptors (Angiotensin II Receptor)
7.	Angiotensins
8.	Perindopril
9.	Calcium Channels (Calcium Channel)
10.	Calcium

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant)
2.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Surgical Instruments (Clip)
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)