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Effects of traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on Alzheimer's disease in veterans, using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

Abstract
Both traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common problems resulting from military service, and both have been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia resulting from Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other causes. This study aims to use imaging techniques and biomarker analysis to determine whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or PTSD resulting from combat or other traumas increase the risk for AD and decrease cognitive reserve in Veteran subjects, after accounting for age. Using military and Department of Veterans Affairs records, 65 Vietnam War veterans with a history of moderate or severe TBI with or without PTSD, 65 with ongoing PTSD without TBI, and 65 control subjects are being enrolled in this study at 19 sites. The study aims to select subject groups that are comparable in age, gender, ethnicity, and education. Subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia are being excluded. However, a new study just beginning, and similar in size, will study subjects with TBI, subjects with PTSD, and control subjects with MCI. Baseline measurements of cognition, function, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers; magnetic resonance images (structural, diffusion tensor, and resting state blood-level oxygen dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging); and amyloid positron emission tomographic (PET) images with florbetapir are being obtained. One-year follow-up measurements will be collected for most of the baseline procedures, with the exception of the lumbar puncture, the PET imaging, and apolipoprotein E genotyping. To date, 19 subjects with TBI only, 46 with PTSD only, and 15 with TBI and PTSD have been recruited and referred to 13 clinics to undergo the study protocol. It is expected that cohorts will be fully recruited by October 2014. This study is a first step toward the design and statistical powering of an AD prevention trial using at-risk veterans as subjects, and provides the basis for a larger, more comprehensive study of dementia risk factors in veterans.
AuthorsMichael W Weiner, Dallas P Veitch, Jacqueline Hayes, Thomas Neylan, Jordan Grafman, Paul S Aisen, Ronald C Petersen, Clifford Jack, William Jagust, John Q Trojanowski, Leslie M Shaw, Andrew J Saykin, Robert C Green, Danielle Harvey, Arthur W Toga, Karl E Friedl, Anthony Pacifico, Yvette Sheline, Kristine Yaffe, Brian Mohlenoff, Department of Defense Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
JournalAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association (Alzheimers Dement) Vol. 10 Issue 3 Suppl Pg. S226-35 (Jun 2014) ISSN: 1552-5279 [Electronic] United States
PMID24924673 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
CopyrightCopyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Topics
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease (epidemiology, metabolism, pathology)
  • Brain (pathology)
  • Brain Injuries (epidemiology, metabolism, pathology)
  • Cohort Studies
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Military Personnel
  • Research Design
  • Risk Factors
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (epidemiology, metabolism, pathology)
  • United States
  • United States Department of Veterans Affairs
  • Veterans

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