Dietary patterns are associated with body mass index and bone mineral density in Chinese freshmen.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Our objective was to examine associations between dietary patterns and body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese freshmen.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was done in 1319 college freshmen (aged 18.1 ± 1.2 years old). Diet was assessed by using a validated self-administrated food-frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured and bone measurements were done using Quantitative Ultrasound System.

RESULTS:

Four dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: Western food, animal protein, calcium food, and Chinese traditional patterns. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and osteopenia/osteoporosis were 8.2% (108/1319) and 28.1% (371/1319). The highest tertile of Western food pattern scores had greater odds of overweight/obesity (highest vs. lowest tertile, odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-3.22), and the highest tertile of Chinese traditional pattern scores had lower risk of overweight/obesity (highest vs. lowest tertile, OR = 0.65, 95% CI, 0.53-0.80) in an adjusted model. The calcium food pattern and Chinese traditional pattern were negatively associated with the risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis (highest vs. lowest tertile, OR = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.41-0.87; OR = 0.78, 95% CI, 0.55-0.89) after adjusting for confounders.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggested that there was a positive correlation between Chinese traditional dietary pattern and healthy BMI and BMD and that this same association existed between calcium food pattern and BMD in Chinese freshmen. In contrast, the Western-style diet was negatively correlated with healthy BMI in Chinese freshmen.

• Authors: Min Mu, Su-Fang Wang, Jie Sheng, Yan Zhao, Guo-Xiu Wang, Kai-Yong Liu, Chuan-Lai Hu, Fang-Biao Tao, Hai-Lin Wang
• Journal: Journal of the American College of Nutrition (J Am Coll Nutr) Vol. 33 Issue 2 Pg. 120-8 ( 2014) ISSN: 1541-1087 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24724769 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Asian People
• Blood Pressure (physiology)
• Body Composition
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight (physiology)
• Bone Density (physiology)
• China
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Diet
• Feeding Behavior
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Nutrition Surveys
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Waist Circumference (physiology)
• Young Adult