Low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet attenuates pressure overload-induced ventricular remodeling and dysfunction.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

It is not known how carbohydrate and fat intake affect the development of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in response to pressure overload. We hypothesized that a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet prevents LV hypertrophy and dysfunction compared with high-carbohydrate diets.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Rats were fed high-carbohydrate diets composed of either starch or sucrose, or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, and underwent abdominal aortic banding (AAB) for 2 months. AAB increased LV mass with all diets. LV end-diastolic and systolic volumes and the ratio of the mRNA for myosin heavy chain beta/alpha were increased with both high-carbohydrate diets but not with the low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet. Circulating levels of insulin and leptin, both stimulants for cardiac growth, were lower, and free fatty acids were higher with the low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet compared with high-carbohydrate diets. Among animals that underwent AAB, LV volumes were positively correlated with insulin and LV mass correlated with leptin.

CONCLUSION:

A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet attenuated pressure overload-induced LV remodeling compared with high-carbohydrate diets. This effect corresponded to lower insulin and leptin concentrations, suggesting they may contribute to the development of LV hypertrophy and dysfunction under conditions of pressure overload.

• Authors: Monika K Duda, Karen M O'Shea, Biao Lei, Brian R Barrows, Agnes M Azimzadeh, Tracy E McElfresh, Brian D Hoit, Willem J Kop, William C Stanley
• Journal: Journal of cardiac failure (J Card Fail) Vol. 14 Issue 4 Pg. 327-35 (May 2008) ISSN: 1532-8414 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 18474346 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Dietary Carbohydrates
• Dietary Fats
• Insulin
• Leptin

Topics

• Animals
• Blood Pressure
• Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
• Dietary Carbohydrates (administration & dosage)
• Dietary Fats (administration & dosage)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Hypertension (physiopathology)
• Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular (blood, diagnostic imaging, physiopathology, prevention & control)
• Insulin (blood)
• Leptin (blood)
• Male
• Nutritional Status
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Risk Factors
• Ultrasonography
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left (blood, diagnostic imaging, physiopathology, prevention & control)