Type X collagen gene expression in mouse chondrocytes immortalized by a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large tumor antigen.

Abstract

Mouse endochondral chondrocytes were immortalized with a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large tumor antigen. Several clonal isolates as well as pools of immortalized cells were characterized. In monolayer cultures at the temperature permissive for the activity of the large tumor antigen (32 degrees C), the cells grew continuously with a doubling time of approximately 2 d, whereas they stopped growing at nonpermissive temperatures (37 degrees C-39 degrees C). The cells from all pools and from most clones expressed the genes for several markers of hypertrophic chondrocytes, such as type X collagen, matrix Gla protein, and osteopontin, but had lost expression of type II collagen mRNA and failed to be stained by alcian blue which detects cartilage-specific proteoglycans. The cells also contained mRNAs for type I collagen and bone Gla protein, consistent with acquisition of osteoblastic-like properties. Higher levels of mRNAs for type X collagen, bone Gla protein, and osteopontin were found at nonpermissive temperatures, suggesting that the expression of these genes was upregulated upon growth arrest, as is the case in vivo during chondrocyte hypertrophy. Cells also retained their ability to respond to retinoic acid, as indicated by retinoic acid dose-dependent and time-dependent increases in type X collagen mRNA levels. These cell lines, the first to express characteristic features of hypertrophic chondrocytes, should be very useful to study the regulation of the type X collagen gene and other genes activated during the last stages of chondrocyte differentiation.

• Authors: V Lefebvre, S Garofalo, B de Crombrugghe
• Journal: The Journal of cell biology (J Cell Biol) Vol. 128 Issue 1-2 Pg. 239-45 (Jan 1995) ISSN: 0021-9525 [Print] United States
• PMID: 7822418 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming
• Biomarkers
• Calcium-Binding Proteins
• Extracellular Matrix Proteins
• Phosphoproteins
• Proteoglycans
• RNA, Messenger
• Recombinant Fusion Proteins
• Sialoglycoproteins
• Spp1 protein, mouse
• matrix Gla protein
• Osteocalcin
• Osteopontin
• Collagen

Topics

• Animals
• Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming (genetics)
• Biomarkers
• Calcium-Binding Proteins (analysis, biosynthesis)
• Cartilage (cytology, metabolism)
• Cell Line, Transformed
• Cells, Cultured
• Collagen (biosynthesis)
• Extracellular Matrix Proteins
• Fibroblasts (cytology, metabolism)
• Gene Expression
• Mice
• Mice, Transgenic
• Osteocalcin (analysis, biosynthesis)
• Osteopontin
• Phosphoproteins (biosynthesis)
• Proteoglycans (analysis, biosynthesis)
• RNA, Messenger (analysis, biosynthesis)
• Recombinant Fusion Proteins (biosynthesis)
• Sialoglycoproteins (analysis, biosynthesis)
• Simian virus 40 (genetics)
• Skin (cytology, metabolism)