Interstitial Lung Disease and Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A Review.

Abstract

Interstitial lung disease is a common complication of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). It is seen most commonly in microscopic polyangiitis owing to the pathogenic effect of myeloperoxidase in the lung. Oxidative stress, neutrophil elastase release, and expression of inflammatory proteins by neutrophil extracellular traps result in fibroblast proliferation and differentiation and therefore fibrosis. Usually, interstitial pneumonia pattern fibrosis is common and associated with poor survival. Treatment for patients with AAV and interstitial lung disease lacks evidence, and those with vasculitis are treated with immunosuppression, whereas those with progressive fibrosis may well benefit from antifibrotic therapy.

• Authors: Matthew Steward, Hannah Thould, Aye Myat Noe Khin, Michael A Gibbons
• Journal: Immunology and allergy clinics of North America (Immunol Allergy Clin North Am) Vol. 43 Issue 2 Pg. 379-388 (05 2023) ISSN: 1557-8607 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 37055094 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Humans
• Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis (complications, therapy, pathology)
• Lung Diseases, Interstitial (diagnosis, etiology, pathology)
• Microscopic Polyangiitis (pathology)
• Lung (pathology)
• Fibrosis