The incidence of
heart failure (HF) is generally preceded by
cardiac hypertrophy (CH), which is the enlargement of cardiac myocytes in response to stress. During CH, the metabolism of
arachidonic acid (AA), which is present in the cell membrane
phospholipids, is modulated. Metabolism of AA gives rise to
hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic
acids (EETs) via
cytochrome P450 (CYP) ω-
hydroxylases and CYP epoxygenases, respectively. A plethora of studies demonstrated the involvement of CYP-mediated AA metabolites in the pathogenesis of CH. Also,
inflammation is known to be a characteristic hallmark of CH. In this review, our aim is to highlight the impact of
inflammation on CYP-derived AA metabolites and CH.
Inflammation is shown to modulate the expression of various CYP ω-
hydroxylases and CYP epoxygenases and their respective metabolites in the heart. In general, HETEs such as
20-HETE and mid-chain HETEs are pro-inflammatory, while EETs are characterized by their anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. Several mechanisms are implicated in
inflammation-induced CH, including the modulation of NF-κB and MAPK. This review demonstrated the inflammatory modulation of cardiac CYPs and their metabolites in the context of CH and the anti-inflammatory strategies that can be employed in the treatment of CH and HF.