Urine protein in patients with type I hypersensitivity is indicative of reversible renal tube injury.

Abstract

AIMS:

In our clinical work, some patients with type I hypersensitivity could be detected protein in their urine. This study focused on the early renal injury in patients with type I hypersensitivity.

MAIN METHODS:

From 43 type I hypersensitivity patients with proteinuria, 10 patients were randomly selected for mass spectrometry analysis of 24-h urine together with 5 healthy volunteers. Mice were vaccinated with Dermatophagoides farina (Der f) and ovalbumin (OVA) were used as antigen to establish the type I hypersensitivity animal models.

KEY FINDINGS:

The urine protein of hypersensitivity patients was significantly increased in the alpha-1-microglobulin/ bikunin precursor (Protein AMBP) (t = 3.140, P = 0.008), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) (t = 2.426, P = 0.031), kininogen-1 (t = 2.501, P = 0.027), and transferrin appeared only in patients' urine. After immunizing mice with antigens, significant increases of the total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were observed in both Der f (86.92 ± 36.01 U/mL, t = 5.231, P = 0.0004) and OVA group (34.65 ± 24.72 U/mL, t = 2.891, P = 0.0161) compared with the negative control group (2.68 ± 0.47 U/mL). Meanwhile, definite eosinophil infiltration around the impaired renal tubules as well as the bronchus in Der f mice were observed, and urine protein appeared. After stopping the allergen stimulation, proteinuria disappeared. Instead, when the mice were treated with the antigen again, proteinuria reappeared.

SIGNIFICANCE:

Our findings suggest that renal tubular damage in patients with type I hypersensitivity is reversible, and proteinuria disappears with allergy symptoms remission.

• Authors: Yong Cao, Li Shao, Mei Xin, Yilun Zhang, Yanhua Xu, Yang Song, Hui Lu, Yiwei Wang, Ying Xia, Meixing Zhang, Yinshi Guo, Lianyun Wang, Zhongdong Qiao
• Journal: Life sciences (Life Sci) Vol. 305 Pg. 120735 (Sep 15 2022) ISSN: 1879-0631 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 35777582 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Allergens
• RBP4 protein, human
• Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma
• Immunoglobulin E
• Ovalbumin

Topics

• Allergens
• Animals
• Humans
• Hypersensitivity (complications)
• Hypersensitivity, Immediate
• Immunoglobulin E
• Kidney
• Mice
• Ovalbumin
• Proteinuria
• Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma