Circulating long noncoding RNAs as novel bio-tools: Focus on autoimmune diseases.

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging class of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins. These RNAs have various essential regulatory functions. Irregular expression of lncRNAs has been related to the pathological process of varied diseases, and are considered promising diagnostic biomarkers. LncRNAs can release into the circulation and be stable in body fluids as circulating lncRNAs. A subset of circulating lncRNAs that exist in exosomes are referred to as exosomal lncRNA molecules. These lncRNAs are highly stable and resist RNases. Exosomes have captured a great deal of attention due to their involvement in regulating communications between cells. In conditions of autoimmune disease, exosomes play critical roles in the pathological processes. In this context, circulating lncRNAs have been shown to modulate the immune response and indicated as prognosis and diagnostic biomarkers for autoimmune diseases. This review highlights the role of circulating lncRNAs (particularly exosomal) as diagnostic biomarkers for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and Sjögren's syndrome.

• Authors: Bahareh Karimi, Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi, Maryam Peymani, Kamran Ghaedi
• Journal: Human immunology (Hum Immunol) 2022 Aug-Sep Vol. 83 Issue 8-9 Pg. 618-627 ISSN: 1879-1166 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35717260 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• RNA, Long Noncoding

Topics

• Autoimmune Diseases (diagnosis, genetics)
• Biomarkers (metabolism)
• Exosomes (genetics, metabolism)
• Humans
• Prognosis
• RNA, Long Noncoding (genetics)