Characterized by abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs),
neointima hyperplasia is a hallmark of vascular restenosis after percutaneous vascular interventions.
Vaccinia-related
kinase 1 (VRK1) is a stress adaptionassociated ser/thr
protein kinase that can induce the proliferation of various types of cells. However, the role of VRK1 in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs and
neointima hyperplasia after
vascular injury remains unknown. We observed increased expression of VRK1 in VSMCs subjected to
platelet-derived growth factor (
PDGF)-BB by western blotting. Silencing VRK1 by shVrk1 reduced the number of Ki-67-positive VSMCs and attenuated the migration of VSMCs. Mechanistically, we found that relative expression levels of β-
catenin and effectors of mTOR complex 1 (
mTORC1) such as phospho (p)-
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p-S6, and p-4EBP1 were decreased after silencing VRK1. Restoration of β-
catenin expression by
SKL2001 and re-activation of
mTORC1 by
Tuberous sclerosis 1 siRNA (siTsc1) both abolished shVrk1-mediated inhibitory effect on VSMC proliferation and migration. siTsc1 also rescued the reduced expression of β-
catenin caused by VRK1 inhibition. Furthermore,
mTORC1 re-activation failed to recover the attenuated proliferation and migration of VSMC resulting from shVrk1 after silencing β-
catenin. We also found that the vascular expression of VRK1 was increased after injury. VRK1 inactivation in vivo inhibited
vascular injury-induced
neointima hyperplasia in a β-
catenin-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that inhibition of VRK1 can suppress the proliferation and migration of VSMC and
neointima hyperplasia after
vascular injury via
mTORC1/β-
catenin pathway. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(5): 244-249].