Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

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Networked: 12956 relevant articles (547 outcomes, 1542 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Zhang, Wei: 55 articles (12/2015 - 02/2005)
2.	Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel: 53 articles (12/2015 - 08/2005)
3.	Sood, Anil K: 52 articles (12/2015 - 08/2005)
4.	Nakamura, Yusuke: 51 articles (07/2014 - 05/2004)
5.	Rao, Jasti S: 44 articles (05/2014 - 05/2004)
6.	Wang, Wei: 41 articles (06/2015 - 04/2005)
7.	Li, Yan: 39 articles (10/2015 - 09/2005)
8.	Wang, Jun: 35 articles (12/2015 - 07/2006)
9.	Wang, Yan: 35 articles (08/2015 - 12/2005)
10.	Wang, Li: 34 articles (09/2015 - 09/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2015 - "Especially, rapid intracellular release of CHC NC with lower molecular weight of 30 kDa (CHC30 NC) might be responsible for the most satisfactory antitumor efficacy with tumor inhibition ratio (TIR) of 92.5%, which rendered CHC30 NC a promising vehicle for oral delivery of shRNA. " 08/01/2014 - "In animal models, intravenously injected siRNA-PCNPs embedded DOX (siPlk1-PCNPs/DOX) is highly effective in inhibiting tumor growth. " 07/01/2014 - "Both local and systemic administration of CTLA4(apt)-STAT3 siRNA dramatically reduced tumor-associated Tregs. " 01/01/2014 - "It is expected that these lipid nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery systems will have an enabling role for personalized cancer medicine, where siRNA delivery will join forces with genetic profiling of individual patients to achieve the best treatment outcome. " 02/01/2015 - "We show that short hairpin RNA-mediated down-regulation of CAII resulted in significant reduction in clonogenicity of H727 and A549 cells in vitro, and marked suppression of tumor growth in vivo. "
2.	Infection 01/01/2014 - "SjLgl-specific siRNA treatment during the infection in mice significantly altered the surface structure of adult worm, featured by the disappearance or significant reduction of sharp spines on the inner all of oral and ventral suckers. " 11/07/2012 - "Importantly, we show that infection of mice NAc with lentivirus expressing a short hairpin RNA that targets the H-Ras gene produces a significant reduction of voluntary consumption of 20% alcohol. " 01/01/2011 - "Knock-down of c-MET by shRNA infection resulted in significant reduction and delay of orthotopic tumour-formation in male NMRI mice. " 01/01/2009 - "Varied delivery and siRNA chemical stabilization strategies are being investigated for siRNA drug delivery; however, several studies have shown that naked, unmodified siRNA drugs can be effective in silencing replication of some viruses in animal models of infection. " 11/01/2008 - "In this study, we have demonstrated that treatment with siRNA after FMD virus (FMDV) infection has an antiviral effect and could be effective in control of FMDV. "
3.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2014 - "In vitro study revealed that the SIRT 3 knockdown by small interfering RNA technique dramatically reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cell lines. " 03/01/2015 - "Using this cell line, the functional role of ANXA1 in breast cancer was revealed and the knockdown of ANXA1 by specific siRNA demonstrated a significant reduction in cellular invasion. " 05/01/2014 - "Mouse hybridoma cells that have reduced Brca2 (Breast cancer susceptibility 2) due to stable expression of small interfering RNA show a significant reduction in 3' extension efficiency; expression of wild-type human BRCA2, but not a BRCA2 variant devoid of BRC repeats 1-8, rescues the 3' extension defect in these cells. " 04/01/2014 - "We demonstrate in both in vitro and in vivo models of breast cancer that combination therapy with a low dose of Dox and an anti-survivin siRNA nanodrug (MN-siBIRC5) is superior to mono-therapy with either low- or high-dose Dox alone. " 01/01/2008 - "In accordance, TNK2 silencing by siRNA led to a significant reduction in cell surface EGFR and to a concomitant decrease in the migratory and invasive capacity of breast cancer cells. "
4.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis) 05/01/2012 - "Stable shRNA-mediated knockdown of Arid4b caused a significant reduction in pulmonary metastases, validating a role for Arid4b as a metastasis modifier gene. " 10/01/2004 - "CEACAM6-specific siRNA completely inhibited metastasis (0% of mice versus 60%, P < 0.05) and significantly improved survival, without apparent toxicity. " 06/01/2015 - "Because previous studies coupled β3 integrin (ITGB3) to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, we exploited β3 integrin as a therapeutic target to treat TNBC by delivering β3 integrin siRNA via lipid ECO-based nanoparticles (ECO/siβ3). " 01/01/2015 - "In the present study, we used lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting CXCR4 to silenced CXCR4 expression in Hep-2 cells and evaluated the effect of long-term suppression of CXCR4 on Hep-2 growth and metastasis. " 09/24/2013 - "This study describes the development of a multifunctional envelope-type nanodevice (MEND) that targets the lung endothelium, delivers its encapsulated siRNA to the cytoplasm, and eradicates lung metastasis. "
5.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 01/01/2007 - "These findings suggest that SLUG siRNA enhances the efficacy of two of the most widely used drugs to treat melanoma." 08/01/2010 - "Effective siRNA sequences resulting in the reduction of surface PD-1 expression led to improved murine as well as human T-cell immune functions in response to PD-L1 expressing melanoma cells. " 01/01/2015 - "We performed MEK siRNA and PI3K/AKT inhibitor studies and FOXM1 siRNA studies in melanoma cell lines. " 01/01/2015 - "shRNA studies demonstrated that β-catenin stabilization is required for apoptosis following treatment with the GSK3 inhibitor since the sensitivity of melanoma cell lines to LY290314 could be overcome by β-catenin knockdown. " 06/01/2013 - "The critical role of increased BIM and decreased Mcl-1 expression in the survival of NRAS-mutant melanoma cell lines was shown through siRNA knockdown and overexpression studies. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)
2.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)
3.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
4.	Carbon Monoxide
5.	Paclitaxel (Taxol)
6.	NF-kappa B (NF-kB)
7.	Liposomes (Liposome)
8.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
9.	Polymers
10.	gemcitabine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Immunotherapy
5.	Lasers (Laser)