Progressive hemispheric atrophy in HIV: A Rasmussen's-like variant of CD8 encephalitis?

Abstract

We report two cases of progressive lateralising encephalopathy in adult patients with treated HIV in the absence of opportunistic infection or vasculitis. One case was characterised by CD8 cortical infiltrates and was steroid responsive and may represent a variant of CD8 encephalitis. The other case presented with focal seizures and episodes of status epilepticus and pathology showed severe cortical atrophy with features reminiscent of the chronic phase of Rasmussen's encephalitis.

• Authors: Maria Thom, Graham Warner, Marie Williamson, Simon Limb, Michael Sheaff, Smriti Patodia, Alyma Somani, Atul Kumar, Philippe Gaulard, Homa Adle-Biassette
• Journal: Neuropathology and applied neurobiology (Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol) Vol. 48 Issue 4 Pg. e12794 (06 2022) ISSN: 1365-2990 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 35108746 (Publication Type: Case Reports)
• Copyright: © 2022 British Neuropathological Society.

Topics

• Adult
• Atrophy (pathology)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (pathology)
• Encephalitis (complications, pathology)
• HIV Infections (complications, pathology)
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Seizures (pathology)