Effect of red wine or its polyphenols on induced apical periodontitis in rats.

Abstract

AIM:

To evaluate the effect of red wine consumption or its polyphenols on the inflammation/resorption processes associated with apical periodontitis in rats.

METHODOLOGY:

Thirty-two three-month-old Wistar rats had apical periodontitis induced in four first molars and were then arranged into four groups: control (C)-rats with apical periodontitis; wine (W)-rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 ml/kg of red wine; resveratrol+quercetin (R+Q)-rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 ml/kg of a solution containing 1.00 mg/L of quercetin and 0.86 mg/L of resveratrol and alcohol (ALC)-rats with apical periodontitis receiving the alcoholic dose contained in the wine. The oral gavage treatments were administered daily, from day 0 to day 45. On the 15th day, apical periodontitis was induced, and on the 45th day, the animals were euthanized. Histological, immunohistochemical (RANKL, OPG, TRAP, IL-10, TNF-⍺ and IL-1β) and micro-computed tomography for bone resorption analysis were performed in the jaws. The Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's test was performed for nonparametric data, and the anova with Tukey's test for parametric data, p < .05.

RESULTS:

The median score of the inflammatory process was significantly lower in the R+Q group (1) compared to the C (2) (p = .0305) and ALC (3) (p = .0003) groups, and not different from the W (1.5) group. The immunolabeling for OPG was significantly higher in the R+Q group (p = .0054) compared to all groups; the same was observed for IL-10 (p = .0185), different from groups C and ALC. The R+Q group had the lowest TRAP cell count (p < .0001), followed by the W group, both inferior to C and ALC groups. The lowest bone resorption value was in the R+Q group (0.50mm3  ± 0.21mm3 ), significantly lower (p = .0292) than the C group (0.88mm3  ± 0.10mm3 ). The W group (0.60 mm3  ± 0.25 mm3 ) and R+Q group had less bone resorption compared to the ALC group (0.97 mm3  ± 0.22 mm3 ), p = .0297 and p = .0042, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

Red wine administration to rats for 15 days before induction of apical periodontitis decreased inflammation, TRAP marking and periapical bone resorption compared to alcohol. Resveratrol-quercetin administration reduced the inflammatory process in apical periodontitis, periapical bone resorption, and altered the OPG, IL-10 and TRAP expression compared to C and ALC groups.

• Authors: Renan Dal-Fabbro, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Fernanda Rezende Silva Martins de Oliveira, Letícia Cabrera Capalbo, Flávia Alfredo Plazza, Edilson Ervolino, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
• Journal: International endodontic journal (Int Endod J) Vol. 54 Issue 12 Pg. 2276-2289 (Dec 2021) ISSN: 1365-2591 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34534374 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2021 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Polyphenols

Topics

• Animals
• Periapical Periodontitis (drug therapy)
• Polyphenols (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Wine
• X-Ray Microtomography