Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Evidence-based emerging reports of
neurological manifestations show that SARS-CoV-2 can attack the nervous system. However, little is known about the
biomarkers in disease in neuropsychiatric and neuroimmunological disorders. One of the important keys in the management of
COVID-19 is an accurate diagnosis.
Biomarkers could provide valuable information in the early detection of disease etiology, diagnosis, further treatment, and prognosis. Moreover, ongoing investigations on hematologic, biochemical, and immunologic
biomarkers in nonsevere, severe, or fatal forms of
COVID-19 patients provide an urgent need for the identification of clinical and laboratory predictors. In addition, several
cytokines acting through mechanisms to emerge immune response against
SARS-CoV-2 infection are known to play a major role in
neuroinflammation. Considering the neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2, which can be capable of triggering a
cytokine storm, the current evidence on
inflammation in psychiatry and neurodegenerative by emerging
neuroinflammation is discussed in this review. We also highlighted the hematologic, biochemical, and immunologic
biomarkers in
COVID-19 diagnosis.
COVID-19 prognostic
biomarkers in patients with neuropsychiatric and neuroimmunological diseases are also explained.