Oncogenic transcriptomic profile is sustained in the liver after the eradication of the hepatitis C virus.

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developing after hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication is a serious clinical concern. However, molecular basis for the hepatocarcinogenesis after sustained virologic response (SVR) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to unveil the transcriptomic profile of post-SVR liver tissues and explore the molecules associated with post-SVR carcinogenesis. We analysed 90 RNA sequencing datasets, consisting of non-cancerous liver tissues including 20 post-SVR, 40 HCV-positive and 7 normal livers, along with Huh7 cell line specimens before and after HCV infection and eradication. Comparative analysis demonstrated that cell cycle- and mitochondrial function-associated pathways were altered only in HCV-positive non-cancerous liver tissues, whereas some cancer-related pathways were up-regulated in the non-cancerous liver tissues of both post-SVR and HCV-positive cases. The persistent up-regulation of carcinogenesis-associated gene clusters after viral clearance was reconfirmed through in vitro experiments, of which, CYR61, associated with liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis in several cancer types, was the top enriched gene and co-expressed with cell proliferation-associated gene modules. To evaluate whether this molecule could be a predictor of hepatocarcinogenesis after cure of HCV infection, we also examined 127 sera from independent HCV-positive cohorts treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), including 60 post-SVR-HCC patients, and found that the elevated serum Cyr61 was significantly associated with early carcinogenesis after receiving DAA therapy. In conclusion, some oncogenic transcriptomic profiles are sustained in liver tissues after HCV eradication, which might be a molecular basis for the liver cancer development even after viral clearance. Among them, up-regulated CYR61 could be a possible biomarker for post-SVR-HCC.

• Authors: Haruhiko Takeda, Atsushi Takai, Eriko Iguchi, Masako Mishima, Soichi Arasawa, Ken Kumagai, Yuji Eso, Takahiro Shimizu, Ken Takahashi, Yoshihide Ueda, Kojiro Taura, Etsuro Hatano, Hiroko Iijima, Haruyo Aoyagi, Hideki Aizaki, Hiroyuki Marusawa, Takaji Wakita, Hiroshi Seno
• Journal: Carcinogenesis (Carcinogenesis) Vol. 42 Issue 5 Pg. 672-684 (05 28 2021) ISSN: 1460-2180 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 33617626 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected].

Chemical References

• CCN1 protein, human
• Cysteine-Rich Protein 61

Topics

• Carcinogenesis (genetics)
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (genetics, pathology, virology)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cysteine-Rich Protein 61 (genetics)
• Databases, Genetic
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic (genetics)
• Hepacivirus (pathogenicity)
• Hepatitis C (genetics, pathology, virology)
• Humans
• Liver (metabolism, pathology, virology)
• Liver Cirrhosis (genetics, pathology)
• Liver Neoplasms (genetics, pathology, virology)
• Male
• RNA-Seq
• Sustained Virologic Response
• Transcriptome (genetics)