Combined chemotherapy with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in treating human cancers: Recent advancement.
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| Abstract |
Chemotherapy with a single chemotherapeutic agent or a combined chemotherapeutic regimen is the clinically standardized treatment for almost all human cancers. Upregulated expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is associated with human carcinogenesis and cancer progression and COX-2 inhibitors show antitumor activity in different human cancers. Thus, a combination of chemotherapeutic agents with COX-2 inhibitors has been shown to improve therapeutic effects on human cancers. This review discusses and summarizes recent advances in cancer control and treatment using various antineoplastic drugs combined with COX-2 inhibitors. These combinations showed synergistic antitumor effects. At the gene level, COX-2 inhibitors can reduce inflammatory factors thereby regulating macrophage recruitment for activating the antitumor immune microenvironment; downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to inhibit tumor angiogenesis; and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, such a combination can reduce toxicity and chemoresistance and enhance radiosensitivity, although COX-2 inhibitors-related cardiotoxicity may potentially affect its use. Further in-depth investigation of these drug combinations is needed to maximize antitumor efficacy and minimize the side effects.
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| Authors | Shuangshuang Li, Min Jiang, Lu Wang, Shuwen Yu |
| Journal | Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (Biomed Pharmacother) Vol. 129 Pg. 110389 (Sep 2020) ISSN: 1950-6007 [Electronic] France |
| PMID | 32540642 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. |
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