Serologic Status of Routine Childhood Vaccines, Cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Data on the serologic status of childhood vaccines, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are limited in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we evaluated vaccine coverage and seroprotection, along with CMV and EBV seropositivity, in pediatric IBD.

METHODS:

In a cross-sectional study, demographic data, IBD history, vaccine records, and serum for antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, varicella, hepatitis B (HBV), CMV, and EBV were collected from children with IBD. We evaluated potential factors associated with serologic status.

RESULTS:

Of 156 subjects, vaccine coverage was up to date for age in 93.5% for measles, mumps, rubella, 95.6% for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, hemophilus influenza B, 75.8% for HBV, and 93.5% for varicella, including past infection and vaccination. Seroprotection was present in 65.8% for measles, 60.5% for mumps, 79.1% for rubella, 79.5% for diphtheria, 80.8% for tetanus, 70.5% for varicella, and 62.8% for HBV of subjects. Older age at diagnosis was associated with seroprotection among subjects with complete HBV (odds ratio [OR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.39) and rubella series (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37). Older age at serum collection was associated with seroprotection among subjects with prior varicella vaccination or infection (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.33-2.15). Only 25.2% and 37.8% demonstrated seropositivity to CMV and EBV, respectively. Among subjects on immunosuppressive medications, 75.3% and 62.4% were seronegative for CMV and EBV, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with IBD have low serologic protection to childhood vaccines in spite of high vaccine coverage and universal vaccinations. Children with IBD, including a large proportion on immunosuppressive medications, have low seropositivity to CMV and EBV.

• Authors: Jennifer C C deBruyn, Ing Shian Soon, Kevin Fonseca, Sharon Feng, Melanie Purtzki, Caitlin Goedhart, Susan Kuhn, Otto G Vanderkooi, Iwona Wrobel
• Journal: Inflammatory bowel diseases (Inflamm Bowel Dis) Vol. 25 Issue 7 Pg. 1218-1226 (06 18 2019) ISSN: 1536-4844 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 30551205 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2018 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Viral Vaccines

Topics

• Adolescent
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Corynebacterium diphtheriae (immunology, isolation & purification)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Cytomegalovirus (immunology, isolation & purification)
• Cytomegalovirus Infections (blood, immunology, prevention & control, virology)
• Diphtheria (blood, immunology, prevention & control, virology)
• Epstein-Barr Virus Infections (blood, immunology, prevention & control, virology)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Herpesvirus 4, Human (immunology, isolation & purification)
• Humans
• Immunosuppressive Agents (therapeutic use)
• Infant
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (drug therapy, epidemiology, immunology, virology)
• Male
• Prognosis
• Serologic Tests
• Tetanus (blood, immunology, prevention & control, virology)
• Vaccination
• Viral Load (immunology)
• Viral Vaccines (administration & dosage)