Chemoprevention by resveratrol and pterostilbene: Targeting on epigenetic regulation.

Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential in regulating normal cellular functions and play an important role during the disease developmental stages. However, aberrant epigenetic mechanisms may lead to pathological consequences such as cancer, neurological disorders, bone and skeletal diseases, cardiovascular dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. The molecular mechanisms of epigenetic modification include DNA methylation, histone modification (acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation), and microRNAs (miRNAs). Unlike genetic modifications, epigenetic states of genes are reversible and can be altered by certain intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In the past few decades, accumulated evidence shows that dietary phytochemicals with chemopreventive effects are also potent epigenetic regulators. Resveratrol and pterostilbene are stilbenoids, which have been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipid, and anti-diabetic properties. Stilbenoids are also reported to improve cardiovascular disease. By altering DNA methylation and histone modification or by modulating miRNA expression, resveratrol, and pterostilbene become potent epigenetic modifiers. In this review, we summarize these studies and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol and pterostilbene and their influence on epigenetic mechanisms. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(1):26-35, 2018.

• Authors: Pei-Sheng Lee, Yi-Shiou Chiou, Chi-Tang Ho, Min-Hsiung Pan
• Journal: BioFactors (Oxford, England) (Biofactors) Vol. 44 Issue 1 Pg. 26-35 (Jan 2018) ISSN: 1872-8081 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 29220106 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2017 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Anticarcinogenic Agents
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
• Antioxidants
• Histones
• MicroRNAs
• Stilbenes
• pterostilbene
• Resveratrol

Topics

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (pharmacology)
• Anticarcinogenic Agents (pharmacology)
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (pharmacology)
• Antioxidants (pharmacology)
• Bone Diseases (genetics, metabolism, pathology, prevention & control)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (genetics, metabolism, pathology, prevention & control)
• Chemoprevention
• DNA Methylation (drug effects)
• Epigenesis, Genetic (drug effects)
• Histones (genetics, metabolism)
• Humans
• MicroRNAs (agonists, antagonists & inhibitors, genetics, metabolism)
• Neoplasms (genetics, metabolism, pathology, prevention & control)
• Neurodegenerative Diseases (genetics, metabolism, pathology, prevention & control)
• Protein Processing, Post-Translational (drug effects)
• Resveratrol
• Stilbenes (pharmacology)