Evidence has shown that the
kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a role in the onset of oxidative stress and also in the pathophysiology of
schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to use a pharmacological animal model of
schizophrenia induced by
ketamine to investigate if KP inhibitors could protect the brains of Wistar rats against oxidative stress and behavioral changes.
Ketamine, injected at the dose of 25mg/kg, increased spontaneous locomotor activity. However, the inhibitors of
tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO),
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) were able to reverse these changes. In addition, the IDO inhibitor prevented lipid peroxidation, and decreased the levels of
protein carbonyl in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and striatum. It also increased the activity of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus, as well as increasing the levels of
catalase activity in the PFC and hippocampus. The TDO inhibitor prevented
lipid damage in the striatum and reduced the levels of
protein carbonyl in the hippocampus and striatum. Also, the TDO inhibitor increased the levels of SOD activity in the striatum and CAT activity in the hippocampus of
ketamine-induced
pro-oxidant effects.
Lipid damage was not reversed by the KMO inhibitor. The KMO inhibitor increased the levels of SOD activity in the hippocampus, and reduced the levels of
protein carbonyl while elevating the levels of CAT activity in the striatum of rats that had been injected with
ketamine. Our findings revealed that the KP pathway could be a potential mechanism by which a
schizophrenia animal model induced by
ketamine could cause interference by producing behavioral disturbance and inducing oxidative stress in the brain, suggesting that the inhibition of the KP pathway could be a potential target in treating
schizophrenia.