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Kawasaki Disease.

Abstract
Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and children. If not treated early with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, 1 in 5 children develop coronary artery aneurysms; this risk is reduced 5-fold if intravenous immunoglobulin is administered within 10 days of fever onset. Coronary artery aneurysms evolve dynamically over time, usually reaching a peak dimension by 6 weeks after illness onset. Almost all the morbidity and mortality occur in patients with giant aneurysms. Risk of myocardial infarction from coronary artery thrombosis is greatest in the first 2 years after illness onset. However, stenosis and occlusion progress over years. Indeed, Kawasaki disease is no longer a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome presenting in young adults. Both coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous intervention have been used to treat Kawasaki disease patients who develop myocardial ischemia as a consequence of coronary artery aneurysms and stenosis.
AuthorsJane W Newburger, Masato Takahashi, Jane C Burns
JournalJournal of the American College of Cardiology (J Am Coll Cardiol) Vol. 67 Issue 14 Pg. 1738-49 (Apr 12 2016) ISSN: 1558-3597 [Electronic] United States
PMID27056781 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
CopyrightCopyright © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Aspirin
Topics
  • Adaptive Immunity
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists (therapeutic use)
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (therapeutic use)
  • Aspirin (therapeutic use)
  • Coronary Aneurysm (prevention & control)
  • Coronary Thrombosis (prevention & control)
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use)
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous (therapeutic use)
  • Motor Activity
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (complications, diagnosis, therapy)
  • Myocardial Ischemia (prevention & control)
  • Myocardial Revascularization
  • Risk Factors

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