Abstract | BACKGROUND: Due to the world-wide increase in treatments involving implant placement, the incidence of peri-implant disease is increasing. Late implant failure is the result of the inability to maintain osseointegration, whose most important cause is peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical, microbiological, and immunological aspects in the peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) of patients with healthy dental implants and patients with peri-implantitis. METHODS: PISF samples were obtained from 24 peri-implantitis sites and 54 healthy peri-implant sites in this prospective cross-sectional study. The clinical parameters recorded were: modified gingival index (mGI), modified plaque index (mPI) and probing pocket depth ( PPD). The periodontopathogenic bacteria Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis were evaluated, together with the total bacterial load (TBL). PISF samples were analyzed for the quantification of Interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α using flow cytometry (FACS). RESULTS: The mGI and PPD scores in the peri-implantitis group were significantly higher than the healthy group (p < 0.001). A total of 61.5% of the patients with peri-implantitis had both arches rehabilitated, compared with 22.7% of patients with healthy peri-implant tissues; there was no implant with peri-implantitis in cases that received mandibular treatment exclusively (p < 0.05). Concentrations of Porphyromonas gingivalis (p < 0.01), association with bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola (p < 0.05), as well as the TBL (p < 0.05) are significantly higher in the peri-implantitis group. IL-1β (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.01), IL-10 (p < 0.05) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) are significantly higher at the sites with peri-implantitis compared to healthy peri-implant tissue, while IL-8 did not increase significantly. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study involving a limited patient sample suggest that the peri-implant microbiota and which dental arch was rehabilitated involved could contribute to bone loss in peri-implantitis. A significant relationship is observed between the concentration of cytokines ( interleukins 1β, 6 and 10 and TNF-α) and the inflammatory response in peri-implantitis tissue.
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Authors | Javier Ata-Ali, Antonio Juan Flichy-Fernández, Teresa Alegre-Domingo, Fadi Ata-Ali, Jose Palacio, Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago |
Journal | BMC oral health
(BMC Oral Health)
Vol. 15
Pg. 43
(Apr 01 2015)
ISSN: 1472-6831 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 25888355
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- CXCL8 protein, human
- Dental Implants
- IL10 protein, human
- IL6 protein, human
- Interleukin-1beta
- Interleukin-6
- Interleukin-8
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Interleukin-10
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Topics |
- Aged
- Bacterial Load
- Bacteroides
(isolation & purification)
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Dental Arch
(pathology)
- Dental Implants
- Dental Plaque Index
- Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
- Female
- Gingival Crevicular Fluid
(chemistry, immunology, microbiology)
- Humans
- Interleukin-10
(analysis)
- Interleukin-1beta
(analysis)
- Interleukin-6
(analysis)
- Interleukin-8
(analysis)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Peri-Implantitis
(immunology, microbiology, pathology)
- Periodontal Index
- Periodontal Pocket
(immunology, microbiology, pathology)
- Periodontium
(anatomy & histology, immunology, microbiology)
- Porphyromonas gingivalis
(isolation & purification)
- Prospective Studies
- Treponema denticola
(isolation & purification)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(analysis)
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