Abstract |
The sequential secretion of insulin and glucagon delicately maintains glucose homeostasis by inhibiting or enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis during postprandial or fasting states, respectively. Increased glucagon/ insulin ratio is believed to be a major cause of the hyperglycemia seen in type 2 diabetes. Herein, we reveal that the early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) can be transiently activated by glucagon in hepatocytes, which mediates glucagon-regulated gluconeogenesis by increasing the expression of gluconeogenesis genes. Blockage of Egr-1 function in the liver of mice led to lower fasting blood glucose, better pyruvate tolerance, and higher hepatic glycogen content. The mechanism analysis demonstrated that Egr-1 can directly bind to the promoter of C/EBPa and regulate the expression of gluconeogenesis genes in the later phase of glucagon stimulation. The transient increase of Egr-1 by glucagon kept the glucose homeostasis after fasting for longer periods of time, whereas constitutive Egr-1 elevation found in the liver of db/db mice and high serum glucagon level overactivated the C/EBPa/gluconeogenesis pathway and resulted in hyperglycemia. Blockage of Egr-1 activation in prediabetic db/db mice was able to delay the progression of diabetes. Our results suggest that dysregulation of Egr-1/C/EBPa on glucagon stimulation may provide an alternative mechanistic explanation for type 2 diabetes.
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Authors | Ning Shen, Shan Jiang, Jia-Ming Lu, Xiao Yu, Shan-Shan Lai, Jing-Zi Zhang, Jin-Long Zhang, Wei-Wei Tao, Xiu-Xing Wang, Na Xu, Bin Xue, Chao-Jun Li |
Journal | The American journal of pathology
(Am J Pathol)
Vol. 185
Issue 2
Pg. 513-23
(Feb 2015)
ISSN: 1525-2191 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 25438063
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2015 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
- CEBPA protein, mouse
- Early Growth Response Protein 1
- Egr1 protein, mouse
- Glucagon
- Glucose
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Topics |
- Animals
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
(metabolism)
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
(metabolism, pathology)
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
(metabolism, pathology)
- Early Growth Response Protein 1
(metabolism)
- Glucagon
(metabolism)
- Gluconeogenesis
- Glucose
(metabolism)
- Liver
(metabolism, pathology)
- Male
- Mice
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