Eight wild type C57BL6 mice were recruited as the wild type common food group. Totally 24
apoE(-/-) mice were randomly divided into the
ApoE'common food group, the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group, and the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia plus HJD group, 8 in each group. In the present study, the common food mice and high fat fed mice were fed with a chow diet or a high
cholesterol diet for 4 weeks. HJD was given to mice in the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia plus HJD group at the daily dose of 5 g/kg by gastrogavage, while equal volume of pure water was given to mice in the rest groups by gastrogavage. Four weeks later, the plasma levels of blood
lipids, the ratio of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and expressions of
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and CD36 on the monocytes were detected. The pathological changes and expressions of
cytokines in local aorta were detected. The plasma
cytokine levels in response to
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were analyzed. Results (1) Compared with the wild type common food group, TO, TG, and
LDL-O significantly increased in the
ApoE(-/-) common food group (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01). Compared with the
ApoE(-/-) common food group, TC and
LDL-C significantly increased in the
hyperlipidemia group (P < 0. 05). There was no statistical difference in each index between the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group and the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia plus HJD group (P > 0.05). (2) Compared with the wild type common food group, no obvious change of the ratio of peripheral blood mononuclear cells happened, the TLR4 expression level significantly increased in the
ApoE'common food group (P < 0. 05). Compared with the
ApoE common food group, the ratio of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the TLR4 expression level significantly increased in the
ApoE'
hyperlipidemia group (P < 0.05). Compared with the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group, the ratio of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the TLR4 expression level significantly decreased. Besides, the CD36 expression level also significantly decreased (P<0.05). (3) After stimulated by LPS for 3 h, compared with the wild type common food group, plasma TNF-ct and IL-b expressions significantly increased in the
ApoE(-/-) common food group (P < 0.05). Compared with the
ApoE(-/-) common food group, plasma expressions of
IL-12,
TNF-alpha, MCP-1, and
IL-10 increased, but with no statistical difference in the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group (P > 0.05). After 4-week intervention of HJD, compared with the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group, the MCP-1 expression was significantly down-regulated, while the
IL-10 expression significantly increased, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the wild type common food group,
mRNA expression levels of IFN-gamma, MCP-1 ,
TNF-alpha,
IL-10, and IL-1beta significantly increased (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01). Compared with the
ApoE(-/-) common food group, not only
mRNA expression levels of IFN-gamma, MCP-1,
TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta, further significantly increased, but also
IL-12,
IL-10, and
TGF-beta significantly increased (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). After 4-week intervention of HJD, compared with the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia group,
mRNA expression levels of MCP-1,
TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and
IL-12 significantly decreased in the
ApoE(-/-)
hyperlipidemia plus HJD group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: High fat diet induced systemic reaction and inflammatory reactions of local vessels. The local inflammatory response of vessels exceeded systemic inflammatory response. Intervention of HJD could attenuate inflammatory response, especially in local arteries. Meanwhile, it enhanced systemic anti-inflammatory reactions.