Protective effects of vescalagin from pink wax apple [Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merrill and Perry] fruit against methylglyoxal-induced inflammation and carbohydrate metabolic disorder in rats.

Abstract	The unbalance of glucose metabolism in humans may cause the excessive formation of methylglyoxal (MG), which can react with various biomolecules to form the precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Vescalagin (VES) is an ellagitannin that alleviates insulin resistance in cell study. Results showed that VES reduced the value of oral glucose tolerance test, cardiovascular risk index, AGEs, and tumor necrosis factor-α contents while increasing C-peptide and d-lactate contents significantly in rats orally administered MG and VES together. The preventive effect of VES on MG-induced inflammation and carbohydrate metabolic disorder in rats was thus proved. On the basis of the experiment data, a mechanism, which involves the increase in d-lactate to retard AGE formation and the decrease in cytokine release to prevent β-cell damage, is proposed to explain the bioactivities of VES in antiglycation and in the alleviation of MG-induced carbohydrate metabolic disorder in rats.
Authors	Wen-Chang Chang, Szu-Chuan Shen, James Swi-Bea Wu
Journal	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 61 Issue 29 Pg. 7102-9 (Jul 24 2013) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
PMID	23819528 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	C-Peptide Hydrolyzable Tannins Insulin Interleukin-6 Protective Agents Triglycerides Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha vescalagin Pyruvaldehyde Cholesterol
Topics	Animals C-Peptide (blood) Carbohydrate Metabolism Cholesterol (blood) Fruit (chemistry) Glucose Tolerance Test Hydrolyzable Tannins (pharmacology) Inflammation (chemically induced, metabolism, prevention & control) Insulin (blood) Interleukin-6 (blood) Male Metabolic Diseases (chemically induced, metabolism, prevention & control) Organ Size (drug effects) Protective Agents (pharmacology) Pyruvaldehyde (toxicity) Rats Rats, Wistar Syzygium (chemistry) Triglycerides (blood) Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (metabolism)

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