Several recent studies have reported that
selectins are produced during
ischemia-reperfusion injury, and that
selectin ligands play an important role in cell binding to the endothelium and in liver
metastasis. Portal clamping during
pancreaticoduodenectomy with vessel resection for pancreatic
head cancer causes hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion injury, which might promote liver
metastasis. We investigated the liver colonization of
pancreatic cancer cells under hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion and examined the involvement of
E-selectin and its
ligands. A human
pancreatic cancer cell line (Capan-1) was injected into the spleen of mice after hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion (I/R group). In addition, to investigate the effect of an anti-
E-selectin antibody on liver colonization in the IR group, mice received an
intraperitoneal injection of the anti-
E-selectin antibody following hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion and
tumor inoculation (IR+Ab group). Four weeks later, mice were sacrificed and the number of
tumor nodules on the liver was compared to mice without hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion (control group). The incidence of liver
metastasis in the I/R group was significantly higher (16 of 20, 80%) than that in the control group (6 of 20, 30%) (P<0.01). Moreover, mice in the I/R group had significantly more
tumor nodules compared to those in the control group (median, 9.9 vs. 2.7 nodules) (P<0.01). In the I/R+Ab group, only 2 of 5 (40%) mice developed liver
metastases. RT-PCR and southern blotting of the
liver extracts showed that the expression of
IL-1 and
E-selectin mRNA after hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion was significantly higher than the basal levels. Hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion increases liver
metastases and
E-selectin expression in
pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that
E-selectin produced due to hepatic
ischemia-reperfusion is involved in liver
metastasis.