Ghrelin is a gastric
peptide that regulates energy homeostasis.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to induce
body weight loss and skeletal muscle catabolism through the
ubiquitin-
proteasome pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of
ghrelin on
body weight and muscle catabolism in mice treated with Ang II. The continuous subcutaneous administration of Ang II to mice for 6 days resulted in
cardiac hypertrophy and significant decreases in
body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, lean mass, and fat mass. In the gastrocnemius muscles of Ang II-treated mice, the levels of
insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were decreased, and the levels of
mRNA expression of catabolic factors were increased. Although the repeated
subcutaneous injections of
ghrelin (1.0mg/kg, twice daily for 5 days) did not affect
cardiac hypertrophy, they resulted in significant
body weight gains and improved food efficiencies and tended to increase both lean and fat mass in Ang II-treated mice.
Ghrelin also ameliorated the decreased
IGF-1 levels and the increased
mRNA expression levels of catabolic factors in the skeletal muscle.
IGF-1 mRNA levels in the skeletal muscle significantly decreased 24h after Ang II infusion, and this was reversed by two
subcutaneous injections of
ghrelin. In C2C12-derived myocytes, the
dexamethasone-induced
mRNA expression of atrogin-1 was decreased by
IGF-1 but not by
ghrelin. In conclusion, we demonstrated that
ghrelin improved
body weight loss and skeletal muscle catabolism in mice treated with Ang II, possibly through the early restoration of
IGF-1 mRNA in the skeletal muscle and the amelioration of nutritional status.