Sin3A/B is a master transcriptional scaffold and
corepressor that plays an essential role in the regulation of gene transcription and maintenance of
chromatin structure, and its inappropriate recruitment has been associated with aberrant gene silencing in
cancer. Sin3A/B are highly related, large, multidomian
proteins that interact with a wide variety of
transcription factors and
corepressor components, and we examined whether disruption of the function of a specific domain could lead to epigenetic reprogramming and derepression of specific subsets of genes. To this end, we selected the Sin3A/B-paired amphipathic alpha-helices (PAH2) domain based on its established role in mediating the effects of a relatively small number of
transcription factors containing a PAH2-binding motif known as the Sin3 interaction domain (
SID). Here, we show that in both human and mouse
breast cancer cells, the targeted disruption of Sin3 function by introduction of a
SID decoy that interferes with PAH2 binding to
SID-containing partner
proteins reverted the silencing of genes involved in cell growth and differentiation. In particular, the
SID decoy led to epigenetic reprogramming and reexpression of the important
breast cancer-associated silenced genes encoding
E-cadherin,
estrogen receptor alpha, and
retinoic acid receptor beta and impaired
tumor growth in vivo. Interestingly, the
SID decoy was effective in the triple-negative M.D. Anderson-Metastatic Breast-231 (MDA-MB-231)
breast cancer cell line, restoring sensitivity to 17beta-estradiol,
tamoxifen, and
retinoids. Therefore, the development of small molecules that can block interactions between PAH2 and
SID-containing
proteins offers a targeted epigenetic approach for treating this type of
breast cancer that may also have wider therapeutic implications.